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Table 1 Characteristics of the 44 included studies

From: Factors contributing to innovation readiness in health care organizations: a scoping review

Author(s) (year of publication)

Country(ies)

Aim of data collection

Design

Setting

Factor(s) studied (described by authors(s))

Sub-factors

Anvik et al. (2020) [38]

Norway

to investigate the conditions under which learning and innovation occur within nursing homes

qualitative

nursing home

work place learning and innovation

room for learning

Atkinson and Singer (2020) [39]

USA

to examine how interdisciplinary teams developing healthcare innovations manage challenges that may arise from within their organizational context over the lifecycle of the innovation process

qualitative

hospital

constraints in the innovation process

innovation process

Barnett et al. (2011) [40]

UK

to understand how innovators from healthcare organizations made sense of factors that either facilitated or obstructed the innovation implementation and diffusion

qualitative

health care organizations

factors influencing the innovation implementation and diffusion

innovation process

Benson (2019) [41]

UK

develop a set of short generic user-reported related measures to help understand how and why healthcare innovations spread

qualitative

hospital

article included for definition

 

Birken et al. (2015) [42]

USA

to assess the influence of top managers’ support on middle managers’ commitment to innovation implementation

mixed-method

health centers

middle managers' commitment to innovation

middle manager’s role

Bunn et al. (2020) [43]

UK

to study researcher’s awareness of organizational context in the collaboration of health care organizations and university researchers on in-house innovation

qualitative

nursing home

organizational context

inter-organizational links

Carpenter et al. (2018) [44]

USA

to study how learning communities can support innovation adoption

qualitative

hospital

learning communities

room for learning

Chuang et al. (2011) [45]

USA

to understand the organizational and relational factors that influence middle managers’ support for the innovation implementation process

qualitative

health care organizations

middle manager support for the innovation process

middle manager’s role

Cramm et al. (2013) [46]

The Netherlands

to explore the importance of a professional’s perceived effectiveness, organizational support, and management support for innovative culture

mixed-method

long-term care

innovative culture

innovative culture

Dohan et al. (2017) [47]

Canada

to investigate the link between technology-related knowledge and skills of healthcare professionals and the ability of healthcare organizations to innovate

mixed-method

paramedics

technology-related skillsets of healthcare professionals

innovative competencies

Emiralioglu and Sonmez (2021) [48]

Turkey

to determine the relation between employees' work environment and innovation support and innovative behaviors of employees

mixed-method

hospital

employees' innovative behavior

innovative behavior

Engle et al. (2017) [49]

USA

to expand the understanding of middle managers’ influence in organizations by looking at their activities

qualitative

veteran medical center

middle managers influence

middle manager’s role

Fleuren et al. (2004) [50]

The Netherlands

to explore which determinants of innovation strategies are reported in the literature

mixed method

implementation experts

(determinants of the) innovation strategy

innovation strategy

García-Goñi et al. (2007) [51]

Spain

to study the differences in behaviour of managers and front-line employees towards innovation and the involvement in the innovation processes

quantitative

public health

role of the middle manager

middle manager’s role

Glover et al. (2020) [52]

Israël

to examine the relationship between unit complexity, autonomy, performance orientation and innovation

mixed-method

hospital

relation between unit complexity and innovation programs

innovation process

Goes and Park (1997) [53]

USA

to conceptualize various types of interorganizational links as opportunities for learning and resource sharing in the pursuit of innovation

mixed-method

hospital

Interorganizational links

inter-organizational links

Gunzel-Jensen et al. (2018) [54]

Denmark

to study the interaction between different types of leadership (transformational, transactional and empowering leadership) and the innovative behavior employees

mixed-method

hospital

leadership (transformational, transactional and empowering)

leadership style

Helfrich et al. (2007) [55]

USA

to study and adapt an organizational framework of innovation implementation (out of manufacturing) for implementation in the health sector

qualitative

clinical research network

organizational framework of innovation implementation effectiveness

innovative culture

Hunter et al. (2021) [56]

USA

to report on a competition-based program designed to accelerate early-stage, innovative health care ideas from within the healthcare organization

qualitative

hospital

innovation program

innovation programm

Hyrkas et al. (2020) [57]

Finland

to develop and test a co-creation model for collaborative innovation, in which companies and healthcare professionals co-create future health care services

qualitative

hospital

colloborative / co-creation innovation process

innovation process

Jacobs et al. (2015) [20]

USA

to examine the innovation implementation framework: the organizational factors that determine effective innovation implementation

quantitative

hospital

innovation implementation (climate)

innovative culture

Jaskyte and Dressler (2005) [58]

USA

to improve innovation models by incorporating organizational culture into the conceptual model along with transformational leadership and size variables

mixed-method

assocation of retarded citizens

organizational culture

innovative culture

Jonsson et al. (2020) [59]

Denmark

to develop and validate a measurement for the relation between distributed leadership agency and innovation by employees

quantitative

hospital

employee-driven innovation

innovative behavior

Joseph (2015) [60]

USA

to explore the experiences of nurse leaders and nurses in a hospital whose patient care mission was stated as innovation

qualitative

hospital

organizational culture and climate

innovative culture

Keown et al. (2014) [61]

UK

to test a framework highlighting the cultural dynamics to support innovation and its diffusion

mixed-method

health care professionals

factors and behaviors that foster innovation

innovative culture

Leal-Rodriguez et al. (2013) [62]

Spain

to test the relationship between knowledge management and the effectiveness of the innovation process

quantitative

hospital

the innovation process

innovation process

Lombardi et al. (2018) [63]

USA

to test a framework to characterize the essential organizational capabilities required for high-impact health care innovation

mixed-method

academic health center

organizational capabilities for high-impact health care innovation

innovation strategy

Masood and Afsar (2017) [64]

Pakistan

examining the influence of the role of leadership to develop and foster innovation

quantitative

hospital

transformational leadership

leadership style

Nieboer and Strating (2012) [65]

The Netherlands

to identify organizational characteristics that explain innovative culture in the (long-term) care sector

quantitative

long-term care

innovative culture

innovative culture

Reed et al. (2012) [66]

USA

to understand the process of patient-centered care innovation undertaken by innovative health care organizations

qualitative

health care professionals

innovation process

innovation process

Renkema et al. (2021) [67]

The Netherlands

to investigate the relationship between high-involvement human resource management, autonomy, affective organizational commitment and innovative behaviors

quantitative

nursing home

innovative behaviour

innovative behavior

Rokstad et al. (2015) [68]

Norway

to investigate the role of leadership in the implementation of innovations

qualitative

nursing home

leadership

leadership style

Saidi et al. (2017) [69]

South Africa

to study the role of space in facilitating innovation

qualitative

hospital

workplace design

room for learning

Schultz et al. (2012) [70]

Germany

provide empirical evidence for controlling the size and innovativeness of a hospital’s new health service and process portfolio

mixed-method

hospital

innovation (portfolio) management

innovation strategy

Schultz et al. (2017) [71]

Norway

to determine innovative readiness by looking at group climate

quantitative

hospital

group climate

innovative culture

Somech and Drach-Zahavy (2013) [72]

Israel

to study the relation between team composition of creative personalities, team creativity and climate for innovation

mixed-method

primary care

climate for innovation

innovative culture

Taylor et al. (2020) [73]

UK

explore the process through which staff innovates, when resources are scarce

qualitative

health care organizations

employee-driven innovation

innovative behavior

Thomas et al. (2005) [74]

UK

to identify what organizational features support innovation

qualitative

primary care

capacity to learn and innovate

room for learning

Timmermans et al. (2013) [75]

Belgium

to explore the influence of team learning on the implementation of innovations

quantitative

mental health institutions

team learning

room for learning

Urquhart et al. (2018) [76]

Canada

to examine the role of middle managers relevant to innovation implementation and how middle managers experience the implementation process

qualitative

hospital

middle manager rol in innovation

middle manager’s role

von Treuer et al. (2018) [77]

Australia

to examine the impact of organizational climate and leadership on organizational readiness for change

quantitative

nursing home

organizational climate

leadership

innovative culture

Weatherford et al. (2018) [78]

USA

to identifying the characteristics of leaders of innovation

mixed-method

health care professionals

leaders of innovation competencies

innovative competencies

Zippel-Schultz and Schultz (2011) [79]

Germany

to analyze the role of business and project planning for innovation project success

quantitative

hospital

innovation program

innovation programm

Zuber and Moody (2018) [80]

USA

to explore how health centered design tools support innovation in health care

mixed method

health care professionals

innovation (supportive) environment

room for learning