Table 3 Characteristics of 1829 respondents in 2016
Variables | Characteristics | N(%)/MEAN ± SD(Range) | At pre-change phase | At post-change phase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Have effects (%) | Uncertainty (%) | No effects (%) | χ2 | P-value | Have effects (%) | Uncertainty (%) | No effects (%) | χ2 | P-value | ||||
Predisposing variables | |||||||||||||
Gender | Male | 941 (51.4) | 128 (7.0) | 22 (1.2) | 791 (43.2) | 0.395 | 0.821 | 480 (26.2) | 131 (7.2) | 330 (18.0) | 0.056 | 0.973 | |
Female | 888 (48.6) | 128 (7.0) | 23 (1.3) | 737 (40.3) | 450 (24.6) | 122 (6.7) | 316 (17.3) | ||||||
Age | 47.382 ± 14.945 (15–93) | ||||||||||||
Age group | 15–24 | 86 (4.7) | 21 (1.1) | 5 (0.3) | 60 (3.3) | 49.688 | < 0.001 | 46 (2.5) | 21 (1.1) | 19 (1.0) | 65.102 | < 0.001 | |
25–34 | 310 (16.9) | 61 (3.3) | 5 (0.3) | 244 (13.3) | 188 (10.3) | 45 (2.5) | 77 (4.2) | ||||||
35–44 | 436 (23.8) | 59 (3.2) | 21 (1.1) | 356 (19.5) | 223 (12.2) | 66 (3.6) | 147 (8.0) | ||||||
45–54 | 421 (23.0) | 65 (3.6) | 8 (0.4) | 348 (19.0) | 230 (12.6) | 57 (3.1) | 134 (7.3) | ||||||
55–64 | 310 (16.9) | 28 (1.5) | 3 (0.2) | 279 (15.3) | 138 (7.5) | 35 (1.9) | 137 (7.5) | ||||||
> = 65 | 266 (14.5) | 22 (1.2) | 3 (0.2) | 241 (13.2) | 105 (5.7) | 29 (1.6) | 132 (7.2) | ||||||
Education | No education | 292 (16.0) | 38 (2.1) | 7 (0.4) | 247 (13.5) | 9.883 | 0.262 | 123 (6.7) | 43 (2.4) | 126 (6.9) | 42.479 | < 0.001 | |
Primary school | 511 (27.9) | 66 (3.6) | 8 (0.4) | 437 (23.9) | 260 (14.2) | 50 (2.7) | 201 (11.0) | ||||||
Secondary school | 585 (32.0) | 80 (4.4) | 15 (0.8) | 490 (26.8) | 330 (18.0) | 70 (3.8) | 185 (10.1) | ||||||
High school or technical school | 244 (13.3) | 40 (2.2) | 5 (0.3) | 199 (10.9) | 120 (6.6) | 51 (2.8) | 73 (4.0) | ||||||
College or higher | 197 (10.8) | 32 (1.7) | 10 (0.5) | 155 (8.5) | 97 (5.3) | 39 (2.1) | 61 (3.3) | ||||||
Marital status | Married | 1659 (90.7) | 220 (12.0) | 39 (2.1) | 1400 (76.5) | 9.021 | 0.009 | 845 (46.2) | 210 (11.5) | 604 (33.0) | 23.803 | < 0.001 | |
Other (Single, divorced, widowed and separated) | 170 (9.3) | 36 (2.0) | 6 (0.3) | 128 (7.0) | 85 (4.6) | 43 (2.4) | 42(2.3) | ||||||
Employment status | Employment | 1211 (66.2) | 189 (10.3) | 34 (1.9) | 988 (54.0) | 22.073 | 0.004 | 645 (35.3) | 169 (9.2) | 397(21.7) | 55.366 | < 0.001 | |
Unemployment | 355 (19.4) | 31 (1.7) | 7 (0.4) | 317 (17.3) | 175 (9.6) | 54 (3.0) | 126(6.9) | ||||||
Retired | 215 (11.8) | 23 (1.3) | 4 (0.2) | 188 (10.3) | 84 (4.6) | 15 (0.8) | 116(6.3) | ||||||
Student | 43 (2.4) | 12 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 31 (1.7) | 24 (1.3) | 14 (0.8) | 5(0.3) | ||||||
Others | 5 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 2(0.1) | ||||||
Enabling variables | |||||||||||||
Social support | Good | 1304 (71.3) | 183 (10.0) | 26 (1.4) | 1095 (59.9) | 12.484 | 0.011 | 692 (37.8) | 145 (7.9) | 467 (25.5) | 48.449 | < 0.001 | |
Medium | 449 (24.5) | 68 (3.7) | 19 (1.0) | 362 (19.8) | 202 (11.0) | 104 (5.7) | 143 (7.8) | ||||||
Poor | 76 (4.2) | 5 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 71 (3.9) | 36 (2.0) | 4 (0.2) | 36 (2.0) | ||||||
Types of insurance | UEBMI | 249 (13.6) | 36 (2.0) | 13 (0.7) | 200 (10.9) | 15.855 | 0.010 | 117 (6.4) | 41 (2.2) | 91 (5.0) | 6.171 | 0.404 | |
URBMI | 1324 (72.4) | 178 (9.7) | 31 (1.7) | 1115 (61.0) | 678 (37.1) | 186 (10.2) | 460 (25.2) | ||||||
NRCMI | 208 (11.4) | 36 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 172 (9.4) | 111 (6.1) | 19 (1.0) | 78 (4.3) | ||||||
No insurance | 48 (2.6) | 6 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 41 (2.2) | 24 (1.3) | 7 (0.4) | 17 (0.9) | ||||||
Distance to a medical care facility | Arrive within 10 min (inclusive) | 1541 (84.3) | 220 (12.0) | 40 (2.2) | 1281 (70.0) | 5.056 | 0.241 | 718 (39.3) | 218 (11.9) | 605 (33.1) | 107.316 | < 0.001 | |
Arrive within 20 min (inclusive) | 277 (15.1) | 36 (2.0) | 4 (0.2) | 237 (13.0) | 211 (11.5) | 32 (1.7) | 34 (1.9) | ||||||
Arrive more than 20 min | 11 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 10 (0.5) | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 7 (0.4) | ||||||
Household Income | 97,914 ± 159,896 (0–5,000,000) | ||||||||||||
Household Income | Good | 394 (21.5) | 61 (3.3) | 11 (0.6) | 322 (17.6) | 2.186 | 0.702 | 187 (10.2) | 65 (3.6) | 142 (7.8) | 11.544 | 0.021 | |
Medium | 1057 (57.8) | 147 (8.0) | 27 (1.5) | 883 (48.3) | 570 (31.2) | 129 (7.1) | 358 (19.6) | ||||||
Poor | 378 (20.7) | 48 (2.6) | 7 (0.4) | 323 (17.7) | 173 (9.5) | 59 (3.2) | 146 (8.0) | ||||||
Need variables | |||||||||||||
Types of chronic diseases | 0 | 1131 (61.8) | 175 (9.6) | 26 (1.4) | 930 (50.8) | 13.860 | 0.142 | 574 (31.4) | 167 (9.1) | 390 (21.3) | 9.231 | 0.479 | |
1 | 459 (25.1) | 55 (3.0) | 13 (0.7) | 391 (21.4) | 242 (13.2) | 60 (3.3) | 157 (8.6) | ||||||
2 | 175 (9.6) | 16 (0.9) | 6 (0.3) | 153 (8.4) | 85 (4.6) | 16 (0.9) | 74 (4.0) | ||||||
3 | 50 (2.7) | 6 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 44 (2.4) | 22 (1.2) | 8 (0.4) | 20 (1.1) | ||||||
4 | 10 (0.5) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (0.4) | 5 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 4 (0.2) | ||||||
> = 5 | 4 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | ||||||
Self-rated health status scores | 78.929 ± 12.718 (1–100) | ||||||||||||
Self-rated health status | Good | 153 (8.4) | 27 (1.5) | 8 (0.4) | 118 (6.5) | 18.576 | < 0.001 | 77 (4.2) | 24 (1.3) | 52 (2.8) | 9.376 | 0.052 | |
Medium | 1442 (78.8) | 185 (10.1) | 27 (1.5) | 1230 (67.2) | 713 (39.0) | 201 (11.0) | 528 (28.9) | ||||||
Poor | 234 (12.8) | 44 (2.4) | 10 (0.5) | 180 (9.8) | 140 (7.7) | 28 (1.5) | 66 (3.6) | ||||||