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Table 1 Transparency of 9 medication safety pictograms in phase 1 and phase 2 among 66 nursing students

From: Pictograms for safer medication handling by health care workers: a validation study in nursing students in Poland

Intended meaning

Phase 1

Correct guesses

(n = 66)

Phase 2

Correct guesses

(n = 66)

No. (%)

No. (%)

Concentrated electrolyte formulation

21 (31.8%)

63 (95.5%)

Medication that requires airway management before administration

38 (57.6%)

66 (100%)

Neuromuscular blocking agent

41 (62.1%)

66 (100%)

Medication that can be given only via central line

56 (84.8%)

66 (100%)

Medication that has a low volume dose

59 (89.4%)

66 (100%)

Medication with a significant risk of harm if administered improperly

60 (90.9%)

66 (100%)

Medication that must always be diluted before administration

60 (90.9%)

66 (100%)

Medication that has a high incidence of calculation/dosage error

64 (97.0%)

66 (100%)

Medication names that look alike and sound alike

66 (100%)

66 (100%)

Total correct guesses

465 (78.3%)

591 (99.5%)