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Table 2 Social Ecological Model Definitions developed by the research team

From: Exploring how to enhance care and pathways between the emergency department and integrated youth services for young people with mental health and substance use concerns

SEM Level

Definition

Individual level

A young person with MHSU concerns. Factors at this level were considered internal to the individual including but not limited to biological, personal history, age, education, income, beliefs, symptoms, coping skills.

Interpersonal level

Relationships and social connections to a young person with MHSU concerns. Factors considered were relationships (with family members, health care providers, peer support workers), family support/lack of support, household living situations, social connections (or lack of) with peers/peer support workers/health care providers.

Organizational level

The emergency department within the hospital. Examples of factors considered were rules and regulations; hours; resources such as beds, staffing, etc. While focus was on the ED, the larger institution of the hospital and the ED within it were also considered.

Community level

IYS services in the community such as Foundry, and other services for young people with MHSU concerns. Factors here included the transition from the ED/hospital, access to the community services (post-discharge from the ED), as well as the care pathway from the community back to the ED.

Policy level

Local, provincial, and national laws/regulations relevant to the health and health care of a young person with MHSU concerns. Examples of factors considered were charting systems throughout the province, bills, provincial health coverage.