Table 3 Comparison of what was monitored remotely and when in the included studies
Study | Frequency of monitoring | Symptoms | Medication use | Oxygen saturation | Respiratory rate | Spirometry | Heart rate | Blood pressure | Temperature | Weight | Exercise |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RHM (smartphones, apps, tablets) vs no RHM | |||||||||||
Park 2020* [19] | • At least 4 times per week and when experiencing an exacerbation • Exercises were only recorded on days patients exercised | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
Boer 2019 [20] | • Every time patient experienced a change in disease symptoms or burden | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Walker 2018 [21] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
Tabak 2014a [22] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
Tabak 2014b [23] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
RHM (dedicated monitoring devices) vs no RHM | |||||||||||
Shany 2017* [24] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Vianello 2016 [25] | • Every other day and in the event of clinical worsening • Symptoms and medication use were reported only when requested by healthcare provider | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Segrelles 2014 [26] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
De San Miguel 2013 [27] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
Jehn 2013 [28] | • Daily in the morning during a specified 2 h window • Exercise was monitored weekly in the morning during a specified two-hour window | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
Jodar-Sanchez 2013 [29] | • Daily • Pulmonary function was measured twice a week | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Pare 2013 [30] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||
Chau 2012 [31] | • Daily (three times a day) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
Dinesen 2012 [32] | • As prescribed by physician | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
Lewis 2010 [33] | • Daily (twice a day at specified times) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Au 2015 [34] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
Davis 2015 [35] | • Daily | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
RHM with feedback (phone calls, text messages) vs RHM with no feedback | |||||||||||
Sink 2018 [39] | • Daily • Frequency reduced to twice a week if no worsening of symptoms for 30 consecutive days • Frequency temporarily resumed to daily if breathing assessment detected a worsening in breathing | ✓ | |||||||||
Franke 2016 [37] | • Daily | ✓ | |||||||||