Variables | Category | Leadership effectiveness | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | Low | |||||
Age in years | 25–30 | 134 | 237 | 1 | 1 |  |
31–35 | 118 | 127 | 1.64 (1.18,2.28) | 1.10 (0.67,1.79) | 0.712 | |
36–40 | 68 | 48 | 2.51 (1.64,3.84) | 0.74 (0.37,1.50) | 0.409 | |
 ≥ 41 | 63 | 23 | 4.85 (2.88,8.17) | 0.64 (0.25,1.66) | 0.361 | |
Education | Diploma | 13 | 68 | 1 | 1 | Â |
First Degree | 202 | 309 | 3.42 (1.84,6.35) | 2.22 (1.02,4.85) | 0.046 | |
Master’s and above | 168 | 58 | 15.15 (7.80,29.44) | 5.10 (2.07,12.61) | 0.000 | |
Experience in years | 1–5 | 58 | 167 | 1 | 1 |  |
6–10 | 200 | 231 | 2.49 (1.75,3.55) | 1.60 (1.03,2.49) | 0.037 | |
11–15 | 60 | 22 | 7.85 (4.43,13.92) | 3.96 (1.77,8.85) | 0.001 | |
 ≥ 16 | 65 | 15 | 12.48 (6.61,23.57) | 3.44 (1.24,9.55) | 0.018 | |
Salary (US$) |  ≤ 126.60 | 16 | 29 | 1 | 1 |  |
126.62–188.09 | 73 | 174 | 0.76 (0.39,1.48) | 0.59 (0.24,1.41) | 0.232 | |
188.11–262.84 | 223 | 217 | 1.86 (0.98,3.53) | 0.63 (0.26,1.52) | 0.301 | |
 ≥ 262.86 | 71 | 15 | 8.58 (3.76,19.60) | 1.64 (0.50,5.36) | 0.411 | |
Family size |  ≤ 3 | 172 | 286 | 1 | 1 |  |
4–6 | 173 | 126 | 2.28 (1.70,3.07) | 1.12 (0.72,1.77) | 0.613 | |
 ≥ 7 | 38 | 23 | 2.75 (1.58,4.77) | 0.73 (0.33,1.63) | 0.439 | |
Institution | Health Center | 244 | 327 | 1 | 1 | Â |
Hospital | 94 | 96 | 1.31 (0.94,1.82) | 0.68 (0.42,1.10) | 0.113 | |
Health Office | 45 | 12 | 5.03 (2.60,9.70) | 1.28 (0.55,2.97) | 0.572 | |
Level of managers | Top | 36 | 5 | 12.17 (4.69,31.58) | 2.09 (0.64,6.80) | 0.602 |
Middle | 173 | 136 | 2.15 (1.60,2.88) | 1.19 (0.72,1.96) | 0.255 | |
Lower | 174 | 294 | 1 | 1 | Â | |
Leadership Style | Democratic | 335 | 196 | 4.23 (2.41,7.41) | 4.01 (1.98,8.14) | 0.000 |
Autocratic | 29 | 192 | 0.37 (0.19,0.72) | 0.46 (0.21,0.99) | 0.048 | |
laissez-faire | 19 | 47 | 1 | 1 | Â | |
Emotional intelligence | Lower | 73 | 171 | 1 | 1 | Â |
Moderate | 165 | 220 | 1.76 (1.25,2.47) | 2.07 (1.35,3.15) | 0.001 | |
High | 145 | 44 | 7.72 (4.99,11.92) | 7.86 (4.56,13.56) | 0.000 |