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Table 4 Data reliability criteria

From: Towards a liquid healthcare: primary care organisational and management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic - a qualitative study

Criteria

Procedures and techniques to establish quality criteria

Credibility: confidence in the trustworthiness of the researchers’ findings and interpretations

• Analyst triangulation: each account was individually analysed before these results were compared in team discussions, where common categories were identified and agreed upon.

• Participant triangulation: the analysis included participants with different profiles and viewpoints.

• Triangulation across different data sources and collection methods – semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and field notes.

• Participants’ validation: participants were offered the opportunity to review their audio recordings and corresponding transcriptions, as well as the subsequent analyses.

Transferability: observations are representative

• Information is provided on data collection and analysis procedures, researchers’ profiles, participants’ profiles, and context.

Dependability: the study is consistent and data are stable

• Different triangulation techniques are used.

• Experienced researchers reviewed the quality of the research procedure.

Confirmability or neutrality: to what extent results were shaped by participants and not research bias

• Reflexive examination of researchers, through field diaries and triangulation of methods, researchers, and analyses.

• Description and triangulation of participants’ profiles and their selection process.

• Use of mechanisms for recording and analysing transcriptions.