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Table 1 Univariate analysis of Chi-square test about mutual-support willingness

From: Factors influencing the mutual-support willingness and needs among the rural elderly in Hunan Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Characteristic

n = 2102(%)

be willing n (%)

P-value

Individual characteristic

 Age (years)

  60–70

1243 (59.1)

1089 (87.6)

0.417

  70–80

626 (29.8)

535 (85.5)

  80~

233 (11.1)

201 (86.3)

 Sex

  Male

899 (42.8)

777 (86.4)

0.346

  Female

1203 (57.2)

1048 (87.1)

 nation

  Minority nationality

252 (12.0)

202 (80.2)

0.001

  Han nationality

1850 (88.0)

1623 (87.7)

 Education level

  Illiteracy

375 (17.8)

325 (86.7)

0.600

  primary school

921 (43.8)

807 (87.6)

  Secondary and higher

806 (38.3)

693 (86.0)

 marital status

  Never married

89 (4.2)

76 (85.4)

<0.001

  Married

1528 (72.7)

1354 (88.6)

  Divorced

63 (3.0)

34 (54.0)

  Widowed

422 (20.1)

361 (85.5)

 The physical condition

  can’t take care of oneself

54 (2.6)

38 (70.4)

<0.001

  Partially self-care

863 (41.1)

728 (84.4)

  Can take care of oneself

1185 (56.4)

1059 (89.4)

Family environment

 Number of children

  0

42 (2.0)

36 (85.7)

<0.001

  1

298 (14.2)

237 (79.5)

  2 or more

1762 (83.8)

1552 (88.1)

 Who cares for life

  Oneself

707 (33.6)

628 (88.8)

<0.001

  spouse

938 (44.6)

850 (90.6)

  children

384 (18.3)

299 (77.9)

  Others

73 (3.5)

63 (65.8)

 Relationships among family members

  Not harmonious

132 (6.3)

72 (54.5)

<0.001

  General harmony

482 (22.9)

397 (82.4)

  harmonious

1488 (70.8)

1356 (91.1)

 Does the family support mutual support

  not support

222 (10.6)

126 (56.8)

<0.001

  General support

820 (39.0)

719 (87.7)

  support

1060 (50.4)

980 (92.5)

Economic status

 Average monthly income

  Less than 200 yuan

975 (46.4)

845 (86.7)

0.866

  200 to 500 yuan

454 (21.6)

392 (86.3)

  Over 500 yuan

673 (32.0)

588 (87.4)

 source of income

  Subsistence allowances or pension

742 (35.3)

630 (84.9)

0.003

  Income from labor

457 (21.7)

413 (90.4)

  From children

697 (33.2)

604 (86.7)

  Other sources

206 (9.8)

178 (86.4)

 Satisfaction with the current economic situation

  No

339 (16.1)

244 (72.0)

<0.001

  General

956 (45.5)

861 (90.1)

  Yes

807 (38.4)

720 (89.2)

Medical factors

 Self-assessment of health status

  Unhealthy

392 (18.6)

305 (77.8)

<0.001

  Suboptimal

889 (42.3)

788 (88.6)

  healthy

821 (39.1)

732 (89.2)

 Current diseases

  No disease

731 (34.8)

652 (89.2)

0.049

  One or two disease

1092 (52.0)

938 (85.9)

  Three or more

279 (13.3)

235 (84.2)

 Regular physical examination

  No

1287 (61.2)

1134 (88.1)

0.029

  Yes

815 (38.8)

691 (84.8)

 Health knowledge needs

  No

282 (13.4)

183 (64.9)

<0.001

  General

934 (44.4)

837 (89.6)

  Yes

886 (42.2)

805 (90.9)

 Medical accessibility (Whether serious illness can be treated in time)

  No

573 (27.3)

459 (80.1)

<0.001

  Yes

1529 (72.7)

1366 (89.3)

mutual-support behavior

 government support

  No

535 (25.5)

398 (74.4)

<0.001

  Yes

1567 (74.5)

1427 (91.1)

 Accepting others support

  No

261 (12.4)

147 (56.3)

<0.001

  General

955 (45.4)

861 (90.2)

  Yes

886 (42.2)

817 (92.2)

 help others

  No

197 (9.4)

85 (43.1)

<0.001

  General

937 (44.6)

837 (89.3)

  Yes

968 (46.1)

903 (93.3)

Mutual-support needs

 Low

542 (25.8)

440 (81.2)

<0.001

 moderate

1210 (57.6)

1082 (89.4)

 high

350 (16.7)

303 (86.6)

Social support

 Low

32 (1.5)

17 (53.1)

<0.001

 moderate

1815 (86.3)

1567 (86.3)

 high

255 (12.1)

241 (94.5)

participate in mutual support after understanding

 No

277 (13.2)

  

 Yes

1825 (86.8)