Study label (n = 46)a | Intervention type | Efficacy (main model) fall-related event | Data source type | Efficacy (incidence) metric | Effectiveness periodb (model time horizon) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agartioglu (2020) [50] | HAM | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. and internal RCT | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Albert (2016) [51] | Multifactorial int. | Any fall (any fall) | Internal non-randomised | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Alhambra-Borras (2019) [52] | Group exercise | Compositec (composite) | Internal quasi-experiment | RR (risk) | 1 year (lifetime) |
Beard (2006) [53] | Multifactorial int. | Hospital fall (hospital fall) | Internal quasi-experiment | RaR (rate) | 5-year sustainability (5 years) |
Boyd (2020) [54] | Expedited cataract surgery | Any fall (MA fall) | External RCT | RR (risk) | 1 yeard (lifetime) |
Carande-Kulis (2015) [55] | Multiple types | Any fall (MA fall) | External RCTs | RR or RaR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
CSP (2016) [56] | Physiotherapy | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Church (2011) [57] | Multiple types | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | Efficacy durability differ by int. type (10 years) |
Church (2012) [58] | Multiple types | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | Efficacy durability differ by int. type (lifetime) |
Comans (2009) [59] | Multifactorial int. | Any fall (any fall) | External RCT | RaR (risk & rate) | 1 year (1 year) |
Day (2009) [60] | Multiple types | Any fall (any fall) | External RCTs | RaR (rate) | Efficacy durability same as model time (1, 2 or 5 years) |
Day (2010) [61] | Tai Chi | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (rate) | 1 year (1 year) |
Deverall (2018) [62] | Multiple exercise types | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | Varying persistence (25 years) |
Eldridge (2005) [63] | FRAT; balance and gait int. | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | Not specified (lifetime) |
Farag (2015) [64] | Unspecified | Any fall (any fall) | Assumption | RR (risk) | Not specified (lifetime) |
Franklin (2019) [65] | Multiple types | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. and RCTs | RR and RaR (risk & rate) | 1 year (2 years) |
Frick (2010) [66] | Multiple types | Any fall (hip fracture) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 yeare) |
Hektoen (2009) [67] | Home exercise | Any fall (any fall) | External RCT | RaR (rate) | 1 year (1 year) |
Hiligsmann (2014) [68] | Vit. D + calcium supplement | Mix fracture; (mix fracture) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | 6 yearsf (lifetime) |
Hirst (2016) [69] | Buprenorphine vs. Tramadol | Mix fracture (mix fracture) | External surveys | OR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Honkanen (2006) [70] | Hip protector | Hip fracture (hip fracture) | External RCT | RR (risk) | Varying persistence (20 years) |
Howland (2015) [71] | Matter of Balance lay-led | MA fall (MA fall) | External RCT | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Ippoliti (2018) [72] | Multifactorial int. | Hip fracture (hip fracture) | Policy variable | RaR (rate) | 3 years (3 years) |
Johansson (2008) [73] | Multifactorial int. | Hip fracture (hip fracture) | Internal quasi-experiment | RaR (risk) | 1 year (lifetime) |
Lee (2013) [74] | Vit. D screening & supplement | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | 2.5 years (3 years) |
Ling (2008) [75] | HAM | Any fall (any fall) | External RCT | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
McLean (2015) [76] | Exercise | Any fall (any fall) | Internal RCT | RR (risk) | 1.5 years (1.5 years) |
Miller (2011) [77] | Matter of Balance lay-led | Any fall (any fall) | Policy variable | RR (risk) | 2 years (2 years) |
Mori (2017) [78] | Exercise & bisphosphonate | Mix fracture (mix fracture) | External meta-analyses | RR or RaR (risk) | 1/2 year maintenance (lifetime) |
Moriarty (2019) [79] | Withdrawal of PIP mediations | MA fall/Hip fracture (MA fall/hip fracture) | External RCTs | RR (risk) | Lifetime persistence (35 years) |
Nshimyumukiza (2013) [80] | Exercise, Vit. D + calcium & osteoporosis int. | Mix fracture (mix fracture) | External meta-an. & surveys | RR (risk) | Lifetime sustainability (lifetime) |
OMAS (2008) [81] | Multiple types | Any fall (MA fall) | Internal meta-an. | RR (risk) | Lifetime persistence for 1st year adherers (lifetime) |
Pega (2016) [82] | HAM | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | Lifetime or 10-year efficacy (lifetime) |
Poole (2014) [83] | Vit. D supplement | Hip fracture (hip fracture) | External meta-an. | HR (rate) | 1 year (1 year) |
Poole (2015) [84] | Vit. D supplement | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | 5 years maintenance (5 years) |
PHE (2018) [85] | Multiple types | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. and RCTs | RaR (rate) | 2 years (2 years) |
RCN (2005) [34] | Multiple types | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | Not specified (lifetime) |
Expedited cataract surgery | Any fall (any fall) | Internal RCT | RaR (rate) | Lifetime efficacy durability (lifetime) | |
Smith (2016) [88] | Risk prediction; Multifactorial int. | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Tannenbaum (2015) [89] | Insomnia treatments | Any fall (any fall) | External surveys | OR (risk) | Not specified (1 or 5 years) |
Turner (2020) [90] | Sedative withdrawal | Hip/non-hip fracture (MA fall, hip/non-hip fracture) | External RCT | RaR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Velde (2008) [91] | FRID withdrawal | Any fall (any fall) | Internal non-randomised | RaR (rate) | 1 year (1 yeare) |
Wilson (2017) [92] | HAM | Any fall (MA fall) | External meta-an. | RaR (risk) | Lifetime or 10-year efficacy (lifetime) |
Wu (2010) [93] | Multifactorial int. | Any fall (any fall) | External meta-an. | RR (risk) | 1 year (1 year) |
Zarca (2014) [94] | Vit. D screening & supplement | Vit. D level (vit. D level) | External meta-an. and RCT | Otherg | Varying persistence (lifetime) |