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Table 2 Multiple-adjusted and marginally confounded associations between the total number of experiences of workplace violence and/or discrimination and several health outcomes among hospital employees (N = 1567)

From: Prevalence and health correlates of workplace violence and discrimination against hospital employees – a cross-sectional study in German-speaking Switzerland

 

Poor self-rated health

Strong sleep disorders

Strong psychological stress

Being treated for mental problem

Increased burnout symptoms

%

aOR1)

95% CI

%

aOR1)

95% CI

%

aOR1)

95% CI

%

aOR1)

95% CI

%

aOR1)

95% CI

Total study population

11.1

  

13.3

  

14.3

  

7.5

  

8.4

  

MODEL 1 (simple)

Experienced forms of workplace violence and/or discrimination

  • 0 (n = 1204)

9.6

1

 

10.6

1

 

11.3

1

 

7.3

1

 

5.8

1

 

  • 1 (n = 211)

15.2

1.68*

1.10–2.56

18.6

1.92***

1.30–2.85

18.9

1.82**

1.22–2.71

5.8

0.79

0.42–1.46

14.4

2.71***

1.72–4.28

  • 2+ (n = 144)

17.4

1.97**

1.23–3.16

28.5

3.36***

2.24–5.04

33.1

3.86***

2.60–5.75

11.8

1.71

0.98–2.96

21.1

4.33***

2.70–6.93

No. of cases in model

 

1559

  

1552

  

1507

  

1548

  

1535

 

MODEL 2 (extended)

Experienced forms of workplace violence and/or discrimination

  • 0 (n = 1204)

9.6

1

 

10.6

1

 

11.3

1

 

7.3

1

 

5.8

1

 

  • 1 (n = 211)

15.2

1.59

1.00–2.54

18.6

1.97***

1.31–2.95

18.9

1.74**

1.15–2.62

5.8

0.68

0.36–1.31

14.4

2.55***

1.60–4.07

  • 2+ (n = 144)

17.4

1.57

0.93–2.64

28.5

3.11***

2.03–4.74

33.1

3.37***

2.23–5.08

11.8

1.44

0.81–2.56

21.1

4.11***

2.53–6.66

Chronic disease

  • No (n = 1142)

4.4

1

 

10.5

1

 

11.5

1

 

5.7

1

 

6.9

1

 

  • Yes (n = 409)

29.8

9.54***

6.62–13.74

21.2

1.98***

1.44–2.72

22.8

2.05***

1.50–2.80

12.3

2.29***

1.54–3.40

12.7

1.87**

1.26–2.75

No. of cases in model

 

1515

  

1509

  

1462

  

1505

  

1493

 
  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
  2. 1) Odds ratios adjusted for sex, age and education (control variables)