Table 1 Operational definitions of the constructs
Construct | Definition | Item | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
Healthcare structure (HS) | This reflects the patient’s perceptions of the hospital context in which orthopedic care is provided. | HS1 | Was the diagnosis and operation time provided by the physician adequate? |
HS2 | Did the medical institution provide a comfortable treatment environment? | ||
HS3 | Did the medical institution provide an undisturbed and private treatment environment? | ||
HS4 | Was the service provided by the medical institution easy to obtain? | ||
Physician-patient communication (PPC) | This reflects the patient’s perceptions of communication with physicians about treatment and care services. | PPC1 | During the communication, did the physician care about your personal situation of daily activities? |
PPC2 | During the communication, did the physician understand your anxiety? | ||
PPC3 | During the communication, did the physician let you feel reliable? | ||
PPC4 | During the communication, did the physician understand your concerns? | ||
PPC5 | Did the physician praise you for following medical instructions? | ||
Cognitive efficacy (CE) | This reflects the efficacy of the patient’s cognitive and expectations that the treatment would improve the physical condition. | CE1 | Do you think the treatment can improve your physical state? |
CE2 | Do you think the treatment can relieve your mental pain? | ||
CE3 | Do you think the treatment can improve your daily activities? | ||
Adherence behavior (AB) | This reflects the patient’s willingness and behavior intention of adherence to medical advice. | AB1 | Did you follow the physician’s orders? |
AB2 | Were you actively involved in decision-making about the treatment plan? | ||
Healthcare outcome (HO) | This reflects the patient’s perceptions of the outcome of the treatment and the end result of improvement by orthopedic care. | HO1 | Has your condition improved since the treatment? |
HO2 | Has the mental pain caused by the disease been relieved since the treatment? | ||
HO3 | Has your physical condition improved since the treatment? | ||
HO4 | Have your daily activities improved since the treatment? |