Patient-physician communication in the emergency department in Taiwan: physicians’ perspectives

Table 2 Frequency and Z-scores of communication behaviors categorized in the RIAS

Themes	Frequency	Percentage	Sub-themes	Frequency	Z-score
Data gathering	420	62.22%	Open-ended questions	105	0.37495
Data gathering	420	62.22%	Closed-ended questions	315	2.47469
Patient education and counseling	171	25.33%	Biomedical information	149	0.8149
Patient education and counseling	171	25.33%	Psychosocial information	22	−0.45494
Building a relationship	39	5.78%	Social talk	4	−0.63492
			Positive talk	2	−0.65492
			Negative talk	4	−0.63492
			Emotional talk	29	−0.38495
Facilitation and patient activation	45	6.67%	Participatory facilitators	42	−0.25497
Facilitation and patient activation	45	6.67%	Procedural talk	3	−0.64492
Total	675 (100%)

ISSN: 1472-6963