Skip to main content

Table 4 Unconstrained-continuation ratio regression models for healthcare utilisation (primary, somatic specialist and mental specialist healthcare). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) shown for the exposure variable health anxiety

From: Health anxiety is an important driver of healthcare use

Outcome variable

 

OR (95% CI) represents:

Unadjusted model

Adjusted for physical and mentala morbidity

Fully adjusted modelb

   

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Primary healthcare, N:

Unadjusted: n = 18,499,

Adj. morbidity: n = 18,249

Fully adjusted: n = 16,603

Non-use

 

–

 

–

 

–

 

1st level of use

1st vs non-use

1.07**

1.05–1.08

1.05**

1.03–1.07

1.07**

1.05–1.09

2nd level of use

2nd vs 1st level or lower

1.10**

1.08–1.11

1.07**

1.06–1.09

1.08**

1.06–1.10

3rd level of use

3rd vs 2nd level or lower

1.14**

1.12–1.15

1.10**

1.09–1.12

1.11**

1.09–1.13

4th level of use

4th vs 3rd level or lower

1.20**

1.18–1.21

1.15**

1.14–1.16

1.15**

1.14–1.17

Somatic specialist healthcare, N:

Unadjusted: n = 18,311,

Adj. morbidity: n = 18,073

Fully adjusted: n = 16,389

Non-use

 

–

 

–

 

–

 

1st level of use

1st vs non-use

1.06**

1.04–1.07

1.04**

1.03–1.06

1.05**

1.03–1.06

2nd level of use

2nd vs 1st level or lower

1.09**

1.08–1.11

1.07**

1.06–1.09

1.09**

1.07–1.10

3rd level of use

3rd vs 2nd level or lower

1.10**

1.08–1.12

1.07**

1.05–1.09

1.08**

1.06–1.11

4th level of use

4th vs 3rd level or lower

1.16**

1.14–1.17

1.13**

1.11–1.14

1.14**

1.12–1.16

Mental specialist healthcare, N:

Unadjusted: n = 18,158,

Adj. morbidity: n = 16,636

Fully adjusted: n = 15,142

Non-use

 

–

 

–

 

–

 

1st level of use

1st vs non-use

1.15**

1.12–1.19

1.10**

1.06–1.14

1.07**

1.03–1.12

2nd level of use

2nd vs 1st level or lower

1.13**

1.08–1.17

1.06*

1.02–1.12

1.06*

1.01–1.11

3rd level of use

3rd vs 2nd level or lower

1.15**

1.11–1.19

1.07*

1.02–1.12

1.05*

1.01–1.11

4th level of use

4th vs 3rd level or lower

1.20**

1.16–1.24

1.09**

1.05–1.14

1.07*

1.02–1.13

  1. * Significant below 0.05 level
  2. ** Significant below 0.01 level
  3. a mental illness is registered with the question “have you had mental illness for which you have sought help?” when analysing primary and somatic specialist healthcare use, and with HADS for mental healthcare use
  4. b Included adjustment variables: Age, gender, education, household income, physical and mental morbidity, living with a spouse/partner, quality of friendship and participation in organised activity