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Table 4 Summary of societal (total) vaccine cost by immunization schemes

From: Economic impact of switching from partially combined vaccine “Pentaxim® and hepatitis B” to fully combined vaccine “Hexaxim®” in the Malaysian National Immunization Program

Comparison of cost savings (RM)

Cost perspective

Baseline schemea

Alternative Scheme 1b

Pentaxim® + hepatitis B

Hexaxim®

Pentaxim® + hepatitis B

Hexaxim®

Cost per dose

Direct medical

31.90

17.10

31.90

17.10

Direct non-medical

54.40

27.20

54.40

27.20

Indirect

221.33

110.66

221.33

110.66

Societal

307.63

155.00

307.63

155.00

Cost per FIC

Direct medical

112.91

68.40

112.91

82.93

Direct non-medical

190.40

108.80

190.40

136.00

Indirect

774.64

442.65

774.64

553.31

Societal

1077.95

619.90

1077.95

772.40

Saving

458.00

305.50

Cost per birth cohort (2019)c

Direct medical

55,142,582

33,402,593

55,142,582

40,581,220

Direct non-medical

92,980,317

53,131,610

92,980,317

66,414,512

Indirect

378,288,574

171,899,835

378,288,574

214,874,794

Societal

526,411,473

258,434,038

526,411,473

321,870,526

Saving

267,977,435

204,540,947

Cost savings per dose of Hexaxim®

137.20

104.70

  1. Abbreviations: FIC fully immunized child, RM Malaysian ringgit
  2. aBased on four doses of Hexaxim®
  3. bPer four doses of Hexaxim® + 1 dose at birth for hepatitis B
  4. cBirth cohort (2019): 488,342 live birth according to the Department of Statistics, Malaysia