Economic impact of switching from partially combined vaccine “Pentaxim® and hepatitis B” to fully combined vaccine “Hexaxim®” in the Malaysian National Immunization Program

Table 2 Summary of cost borne by provider (direct medical) by immunization schemes

Cost components		Cost (RM) per dose of vaccine
		Baseline scheme^a			Alternative scheme^b
		Pentaxim	Hepatitis B	Hexaxim®	Pentaxim	Hepatitis B	Hexaxim®
1.a	Swabs	0.03583	0.03583	0.03583	0.03583	0.03583	0.03583
1.b	Syringe	0.32579	0.32579	0.32579	0.32579	0.32579	0.32579
1.c	Needles	0.18537	0.18537	0.18537	0.18537	0.18537	0.18537
1.d	Safety box	0.00109	0.00073	0.00073	0.00109	0.00073	0.00073
2	Hazardous waste disposal	0.15000	0.10000	0.10000	0.15000	0.10000	0.10000
3	Vaccine wastage^c	2.60450	0.21460	2.60450	2.60450	0.21460	2.60450
4.a	Refrigerator	0.00212	0.00020	0.00016	0.00212	0.00020	0.00016
4.b	Cold box	0.00056	0.00001	0.00001	0.00056	0.00001	0.00001
5	Administration time	13.91216	13.82024	13.81065	13.91216	13.82024	13.81065
Total per dose		17.21742	14.68276	17.06303	17.21742	14.68276	17.06303
Total per FIC		68.86968	44.04828	68.25211	68.86968	44.04827941	68.25211
Comparison of cost (RM)		Pentaxim® + hepatitis B	Hexaxim®		Pentaxim® + hepatitis B	Hexaxim®
Cost per dose		31.90	17.10		31.90	17.10
Cost per FIC		112.91	68.40		112.90	83.10
Cost savings per FIC		44.50			29.80
Cost per birth cohort (2019)^d		55,142,582	33,402,593		55,142,582	40,581,220
Cost savings per birth cohort		21,739,989			14,561,362
Cost savings per dose		11.10			7.50

Abbreviations: FIC fully immunized child, RM Malaysian ringgit
^aBased on four doses of Hexaxim®
^bPer four doses of Hexaxim® + 1 dose at birth for hepatitis B
^cVaccine wastage rate: 5%, according to the WHO for single dose vaccines
^dBirth cohort (2019): 488,342 live birth according to the Department of Statistics, Malaysia

ISSN: 1472-6963