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Table 3 Associations between clusters and sociodemographic, health- and health-insurance related factors, in % within clusters

From: Profiles and predictors of healthcare utilization: using a cluster-analytic approach to identify typical users across conventional, allied and complementary medicine, and self-care

  

Average

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

Cluster 4

Cluster 5

Cluster 6

Cluster 7

Cluster 8

Cluster 9

Sociodemographics

 

n = 205.2

n = 31.3

15.3%

n = 35.1

17.1%

n = 15.4

7.5%

n = 26.7

13.0%

n = 20.2

9.8%

n = 25.4

12.4%

n = 15.0

7.3%

n = 18.1

8.8%

n = 18.1

8.8%

Age, in years

18–29

21.6

7.9

20.3

30.0

14.6

35.0

24.0

35.9

29.8

18.0

30–39

16.7

9.6

18.8

22.6

11.7

21.8

17.5

19.7

22.0

16.3

40–49

17.9

13.4

19.9

19.6

14.8

18.9

19.9

19.1

18.6

18.4

50–64

25.8

35.1

26.3

19.8

29.7

18.6

24.4

17.9

22.2

25.1

> 65

18.0

34.0

14.7

8.0

29.3

5.8

14.1

7.4

7.4

22.1

Gender

Male

49.3

42.5

43.3

56.1

38.8

64.5

54.4

58.8

47.5

54.4

Female

50.7

57.5

56.7

43.9

61.2

35.5

45.6

41.2

52.5

45.6

Ethnicity

Non-Hispanic White

66.9

81.1

68.4

57.3

73.6

47.1

63.9

60.2

69.0

61.3

Hispanic

15.3

7.3

13..8

23.2

9.9

30.2

15.5

18.9

14.2

17.9

Black

11.8

8.1

11.7

11.9

10.3

15.3

14.1

13.4

9.8

15.5

Asian

5.3

3.1

5.3

6.5

5.6

6.4

5.6

6.6

6.5

4.2

Other

0.8

0.4

0.7

1.1

0.6

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.5

1.1

Region

West

22.5

21.1

25.0

28.3

22.4

23.2

18.5

21.4

27.5

17.6

Northeast

18.2

20.3

17.7

11.6

20.0

12.8

21.7

22.5

16.4

17.4

Midwest

22.5

24.6

22.0

19.1

24.1

20.0

23.6

21.5

23.0

21.5

South

36.7

34.1

35.3

41.0

33.5

44.1

36.3

34.6

33.2

43.4

Education

Less than high school

14.0

8.0

12.5

17.0

8.7

28.2

12.3

14.1

8.6

28.6

High school

47.2

43.0

46.8

52.8

43.9

53.2

50.3

48.3

42.4

50.3

College or more

38.8

48.9

40.7

30.2

47.4

18.6

37.5

37.6

49.1

21.1

Employment

not employed

33.8

45.5

30.8

26.3

37.4

30.1

32.4

24.3

20.5

45.4

employed

66.2

54.5

69.2

73.7

62.6

69.9

67.6

75.7

79.5

54.6

Income

<  20.000

30.7

24.2

28.6

36.3

26.1

49.3

25.0

31.4

28.4

39.6

20.000–34.999

21.5

18.4

21.1

28.6

17.8

25.5

21.1

19.3

21.1

27.8

35.000–64.999

28.0

30.3

29.0

24.5

29.8

19.3

30.0

29.7

30.1

23.0

>  65.000

19.8

27.0

21.3

10.6

26.3

5.9

23.9

19.6

20.3

9.6

Marital status

in relationship

39.6

33.3

37.7

45.0

37.6

48.6

39.3

44.9

37.9

43.1

not in relationship

60.4

66.7

62.3

55.0

62.4

51.4

60.7

55.1

62.1

56.9

BMI

18.5 to 25

33.4

29.7

33.6

37.9

33.6

34.2

32.8

37.0

40.7

25.5

up to 18.5

1.7

1.3

1.8

1.4

1.5

1.7

1.6

1.7

2.1

2.5

25–30

33.9

34.4

33.7

33.5

35.2

32.8

32.6

34.8

34.6

34.1

30 and more

31.0

34.7

30.9

27.2

29.8

31.3

33.0

26.5

22.6

37.9

Health status

very good/excellent

60.1

45.4

62.9

62.4

65.1

59.5

65.5

72.2

77.5

41.0

good

26.8

30.9

26.5

28.0

26.2

28.7

25.0

21.4

18.8

32.2

fair to poor

13.0

23.7

10.5

9.6

8.7

11.8

9.5

6.4

3.7

26.8

Chronic Conditions

no chronic condition

56.1

27.8

57.9

74.1

47.1

78.9

58.4

78.0

77.5

44.3

one chronic condition

23.4

27.5

25.7

17.7

27.3

14.8

25.6

17.2

16.7

25.2

two chronic conditions

11.6

21.0

10.3

6.1

15.6

4.1

10.5

3.6

4.5

15.5

≥ three chronic conditions

8.8

23.7

6.0

2.1

10.0

2.2

5.5

1.3

1.3

15.0

Smoking

Non-smoking

81.9

88.3

82.8

76.1

87.9

68.3

84.6

81.8

85.7

70.5

Smoking

18.1

11.7

17.2

23.9

12.1

31.7

15.4

18.2

14.3

29.5

Alcohol

Abstainers

35.9

35.8

32.8

33.4

33.1

42.0

38.4

36.5

28.9

47.8

Light

43.7

45.2

46.5

44.6

46.5

37.3

42.4

42.9

47.5

36.4

Moderate to heavy

20.3

18.9

20.8

22.0

20.4

20.8

19.3

20.6

23.6

15.8

Exercise

Sedentary

80.4

83.0

78.9

75.9

79.1

84.2

81.6

77.2

73.9

87.6

Moderate level

14.5

13.4

15.8

17.4

15.5

10.4

13.2

16.3

20.4

8.4

High level

5.1

3.7

5.3

6.7

5.3

5.4

5.1

6.5

5.7

4.0

Health insurance

no insurance

17.3

3.4

13.1

43.1

5.7

53.4

8.5

19.6

17.6

21.4

public

19.3

26.2

18.3

12.9

19.7

14.0

19.2

14.0

9.5

33.9

private

63.4

70.3

68.5

44.0

74.5

32.7

72.4

66.4

72.9

44.7

Could not afford

Prescription medication

8.2

9.6

8.5

13.2

5.2

10.9

4.6

4.0

4.5

14.3

Mental Care

2.4

3.2

2.3

4.3

1.1

2.9

1.2

1.9

1.7

3.4

Dental Care

13.1

12.6

14.7

23.3

8.5

20.1

6.6

7.9

8.7

19.2

Eyeglass

7.8

8.2

9.1

13.5

4.7

11.0

4.1

3.8

5.0

12.1

Specialist

4.9

6.1

5.0

9.2

2.4

6.5

2.2

2.6

3.1

7.3