Table 2 Outcome variables for high-cost and non-high cost users admitted to the ICU
Variables | High-cost (n = 37,006) | Non-high-cost (n = 333,055) | Standardized Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
ICU Length of stay, mean (95% CI) | 22.4 (22.0–22.7) | 5.56 (5.54–5.57) | 0.68 |
Acute Length of stay, mean (95% CI) | 37.5 (36.9–38.1) | 8.24 (8.20–8.29) | 0.69 |
Total Length of stay, mean (95% CI) | 59.9 (59.1–60.6) | 13.8 (13.8–13.9) | 0.89 |
ALC Length of stay, mean (95% CI) | 12.3 (11.8–12.7) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.36 |
Palliative care involvement, n (%) | 2544 (6.9%) | 30,063 (9.0%) | 0.08 |
Procedures/interventions, n (%) | |||
 Invasive mechanical ventilation | 23,464 (63.4%) | 99,222 (29.8%) | 0.72 |
 Dialysis | 6727 (18.2%) | 11,809 (3.5%) | 0.48 |
 Feeding tube | 6467 (17.5%) | 9999 (3.0%) | 0.49 |
 Bronchoscopy | 4267 (11.5%) | 10,023 (3.0%) | 0.33 |
 CPR | 1658 (4.5%) | 6291 (1.9%) | 0.15 |
 Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | 1411 (3.8%) | 11,671 (3.5%) | 0.02 |
 Defibrillation | 1198 (3.2%) | 6460 (1.9%) | 0.08 |
 PCI | 1166 (3.2%) | 26,888 (8.1%) | 0.22 |
 Blood transfusion | 45 (0.1%) | 99 (0.0%) | 0.03 |
Discharge Disposition, n (%) | |||
 Discharged to CCC/Rehab | 15,622 (42.2%) | 30,602 (9.2%) | 0.82 |
 Discharged to LTC | 1589 (4.3%) | 7874 (2.4%) | 0.11 |
 Discharged to Home with Homecare | 11,448 (30.9%) | 101,982 (30.6%) | 0,01 |
 Discharged to Home without Homecare | 4638 (12.5%) | 145,181 (43.6%) | 0.74 |
 Death in Hospital | 3709 (10.0%) | 47,416 (14.2%) | 0.13 |
Mortality, n (%) | |||
 Death in hospital | 3709 (10.0%) | 47,416 (14.2%) | 0.13 |
 Death 1 year post admission | 9979 (27.0%) | 83,810 (25.2%) | 0.04 |
Number of ICU re-admissions post-ICU admission | |||
 0 | 21,988 (59.4%) | 282,883 (84.9%) | 0.59 |
 1 | 10,802 (29.2%) | 42,714 (12.8%) | 0.41 |
 2+ | 4216 (11.4%) | 7458 (2.2%) | 0.37 |
Number of hospital acute re-admissions post-ICU admission | |||
 0 | 10,360 (28.0%) | 201,670 (60.6%) | 0.69 |
 1 | 10,505 (28.4%) | 81,401 (24.4%) | 0.09 |
 2+ | 16,141 (43.6%) | 101,637 (30.5%) | 0.66 |
Number of ED visits post-ICU admission | |||
 0 | 18,950 (51.2%) | 193,724 (58.2%) | 0.14 |
 1 | 7608 (20.6%) | 65,967 (19.8%) | 0.02 |
 2+ | 13,928 (37.6%) | 73,364 (22.0%) | 0.14 |