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Table 1 Structure of the Established Second Victims Programs from Institutions that Participated in the Study

From: Support opportunities for second victims lessons learned: a qualitative study of the top 20 US News and World Report Honor Roll Hospitals

Institutiona

Inception Year

Identification of need

Access

Participation

Support

Program

users per unit time

Program utilization was mostly

b Ability to Refer?

Provided by

Mode

A

2011

Adverse event

All employees

20–30/week

Voluntary

No

Trained Peer Volunteers

Face to face

B

2014

Staff Recognition

Anesthesia Department

4–6/month

By Referral

Yes

Trained Peer Volunteers

Face to face

C

2013

Leadership initiative

Physicians and APP’s

Unknown

By Referral

Yes

Trained Peer Volunteers

Phone, email, face to face

D

2013

Adverse event

All employees

Not tracked

Voluntary

Yes

Trained supervisors

Face to face

E

2011

Adverse event

All employees

Unknown

Voluntary

No

Trained Peer Volunteers

Face to face

F

2014

Staff Recognition

All employees

Unknown

Voluntary and by Referral

Yes

Trained Peer Volunteers

Face to face

G

2015

Staff Recognition

Physicians only

1–2/month

Voluntary and by Referral

Yes

Trained Peer Volunteers

Face to face, phone

H

2017

Adverse event

All employees

10/month

By Referral

Yes

Social Worker and Chaplain

Phone, email, face to face

I

2013

Staff Recognition

All employees

18 in 2018

Voluntary

Yes

Trained Elected Peers

Face to face, phone

J

2015

Adverse event

All employees

Unknown

Voluntary

Yes

Pastoral Care Services

Face to face

  1. aInstitutions assigned a random letter and do not correspond to their USNWR rank
  2. bUsers could be referred by peers, managers, or from quality, safety and risk reviews
  3. Unknown implies that the interviewee did not have the information