Table 2 Out-of-pocket costs and time/productivity losses
Costs, in USD | Private Not For Profit Hospital (N = 31) | Public Sector Regional Referral Hospital (N = 122) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (USD) | Std. d | Mean (USD) | Std. d | ||
A. Costs of ambulatory visits prior to hospitalization, per child | |||||
Fee for service | 39.4 | 40.4 | 8.3 | 10.9 | 0.005 |
B. Costs related to primary hospitalization, per child | |||||
Hospital fee | 31.4 | 17.4 | 2.9 | 9.8 | < 0.0001 |
Airtime and other forms of communication | 2.1 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 0.373 |
Medications | 27.6 | 15.6 | 11.2 | 17.2 | < 0.0001 |
Transport to- and from health facility | 32.1 | 25.2 | 17.3 | 24.2 | 0.003 |
Meals for the sick child and caretakers | 23.1 | 22.9 | 16.9 | 26.9 | 0.240 |
Missed wages by parents and family members | 48.6 | 87.1 | 31.2 | 67.6 | 0.233 |
Hired paid worker to take care of child | 8.2 | 6.0 | 11.4 | 13.9 | 0.407 |
Total hospitalization cost, excluding missed wages (USD) | 124.5 | 62.1 | – | ||
C. Costs of post-discharge referral and follow-up care, per child | |||||
Follow-up ambulatory visits | 4.9 | 7.6 | 1.9 | 7.6 | 0.123 |
Re-admissions | 30.8 | 32.7 | 10.7 | 17.9 | 0.057 |
Laboratory tests | 3.5 | 8.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.002 |
Medications | 5.3 | 6.4 | 1.6 | 4.5 | 0.004 |
Medical equipment or supplies | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.602 |
Total post-discharge cost (USD) | 44.6 | 14.6 | – | ||
D. Financial risks to family due to hospitalization and/or ambulatory care of the child, per child | |||||
Value of assets sold | 179.5 | 224.5 | 72.8 | 85.1 | 0.020 |