Table 2 Descriptive statistics for the sample patients by the UZMDP adoption

Number of patients

8,026 (29.46)

19,220 (70.54)

11,648 (24.12)

36,634 (75.88)

Number of annual visits

2.50 (2.15)

1.76 (1.41)

< 0.001

4.06 (5.13)

3.66 (3.69)

< 0.001

Annual aggregate expenditures

18,677.56 (35,528.89)

15,279.62 (25,286.93)

< 0.001

2,318.99 (7741.01)

1,009.73 (3,642.55)

< 0.001

Annual drug expenditures

8,613.33 (20,868.09)

5,137.19 (8,553.18)

< 0.001

932.81 (4176.39)

307.08 (484.50)

< 0.001

Annual diagnosis expenditures

524.39 (3,160.27)

2,011.46 (4,924.52)

< 0.001

7.86 (48.51)

66.28 (162.71)

< 0.001

Annual laboratory expenditures

401.34 (892.66)

1,258.25 (1,447.37)

< 0.001

4.25 (40.94)

26.22 (97.40)

< 0.001

Annual medical consumables expenditures

537.15 (3,602.22)

986.74 (3,093.98)

< 0.001

14.60 (175.57)

12.24 (96.35)

0.065

Age (year)

61.49 (16.00)

61.35 (20.91)

0.590

55.71 (16.84)

50.25 (16.04)

< 0.001

Gender Female

4,012 (0.50)

8,780 (0.46)

< 0.001

5,228 (0.45)

22,460 (0.61)

< 0.001

Gender Male

4,014 (0.50)

10,440 (0.54)

6,420 (0.55)

14,174 (0.39)

Annual income 0 - 20,000 CNY

1,136 (0.14)

2,486 (0.13)

< 0.001

1,592 (0.14)

1,938 ( 0.05)

< 0.001

Annual income 20,000 - 40,000 CNY

5,182 (0.65)

13,149 (0.68)

7,126 (0.61)

17,042 (0.47)

Annual income 40,000 - 60,000 CNY

1,186 (0.15)

2,405 (0.13)

1,366 (0.12)

9,478 (0.26)

Annual income ≥ 60,000 CNY

522 (0.07)

1,180 (0.06)

1,564 (0.13)

8,176 (0.22)

Type of health insurance Residents

1,836 (0.23)

5,739 (0.30)

< 0.001

50 (0.004)

1,803 (0.05)

< 0.001

Type of health insurance Retired veteran cadres

71 (0.01)

186 (0.01)

740 (0.06)

-

Type of health insurance Disabled soldiers

7 (0.001)

29 (0.002)

-

-

Type of health insurance Employees

6,112 (0.76)

13,266 (0.69)

10,858 (0.93)

34,831 (0.95)