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Table 4 Out-of-pocket expenditure on type of health service and treatment used in the previous 12 months

From: Conventional and complementary health care use and out-of-pocket expenses among Australians with a self-reported mental health diagnosis: a cross-sectional survey

Type of treatment show or service used

Total annual expenses MHD participants

(n = 641)

Estimated total annual expenses for Australian population with a MHD (AUD)

(n = 5,584,169.29)a

Mean/median annual expense

MHD participants

(n = 641)

No-MHD participants

(n = 1378)

Mean

Median

Mean

Median

Pharmaceuticals

    

Prescription-only

93,237

812,246,608

145.46

30.00*

82.38

12.00*

Over-the-counter

34,853

303,629,840

54.37

20.00*

32.62

10.00*

Total

128,090

1,115,876,448

199.83

60.00

115.00

30.00

CM products

      

Vitamins/Mineral Supplements

32,387

282,146,905

50.53

5.00

40.57

0.00

Aromatherapy oils

4,579

39,890,657

7.14

0.00

4.21

0.00

Western/Chinese herbal medicine

4,307

37,521,088

6.72

0.00

5.24

0.00

Homeopathy

4,058

35,351,886

6.33

0.00

2.31

0.00

Flower Essences

2,369

20,670,152

3.70

0.00

1.99

0.00

Total

47,580

415,580,687

74.34

10.00

54.48

0.00

CHC practitioner

      

General practitioner

203,829

1,775,687,082

317.99

0.00

43.10

0.00

Specialist doctor

89,775

782,086,866

140.05

0.00*

111.52

0.00*

Hospital doctor

47,855

416,896,133

74.66

0.00*

17.88

0.00*

Counsellor/Psychologist

38,287

333,543,042

59.73

0.00*

11.08

0.00*

Community nurse

2,825

24,610,418

4.41

0.00

3.16

0.00

Physiotherapist

13,725

119,567,431

21.41

0.00

19.04

0.00

Total

396,2956

3,452,390,973

618.25

60.00

205.80

25.00

CM practitioner

      

Massage therapist

17,853

155,772,147

27.90

0.00

16.77

0.00

Chiropractor

15,418

134,316,259

24.05

0.00

12.57

0.00

Yoga teacher

3,463

30,168,453

5.40

0.00

4.74

0.00

Acupuncturist

7,431

64,837,441

11.61

0.00

5.13

0.00

Naturopath

10,169

88,588,795

15.86

0.00*

4.02

0.00*

Osteopath

4,334

37,756,302

6.76

0.00

3.99

0.00

TCM practitioner

3,537

30,813,115

5.52

0.00

4.07

0.00

Aromatherapist

8,992

78,335,180

14.03

0.00

2.10

0.00

Homeopath

3,268

28,469,681

5.10

0.00

3.36

0.00

Western Herbalist

3,731

32,503,176

5.82

0.00

2.77

0.00

Total

70,532

681,560,548

110.38

0.00

59.41

0.00

CM practices

      

Yoga/tai chi

4,076

35,508,696

6.36

0.00*

6.58

0.00*

Relaxation/

meditation

5,866

51,102,554

9.15

0.00

3.36

0.00

Total

9,942

86,611,250

15.51

0.00

9.95

0.00

  1. Note. AUD Australian dollars, MHD mental health disorder, CHC conventional health care, CM complementary medicine, TCM traditional Chinese medicine. aThe estimated number of the Australian population with a MHD was calculated based on Australian census figures in year 2016 for Australian adults aged 20 years or above (n = 17,615,676) and the reported prevalence of mental health disorders in this study (31.7 %). *Indicates a significant difference between median expenses of MHD and no-MHD groups (p < .05)