Table 2 Comparison of Health Care Utilization of Migrant Parents in Residency between IMISs and non-IMISs
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hospitalized in the past year(inpa) | hospitalized in the past year(inpa) | hospitalized in the past year(inpa) | hospitalized locally in the past year(local_inpa) | hospitalized locally in the past year(local_inpa) | hospitalized locally in the past year(local_inpa) | see a doctor locally with less serious diseases(less_serious_doctor) | see a doctor locally with less serious diseases(less_serious_doctor) | |
imis | 0.0315** | 0.0315** | 0.0163** | 0.0330*** | 0.0337*** | 0.0226*** | 0.0446* | 0.0401 |
(0.0128) | (0.0127) | (0.00749) | (0.0121) | (0.0119) | (0.00809) | (0.0269) | (0.0250) | |
the need of hospitalization (need_inpa) | 0.818*** | 0.594*** | ||||||
(0.0173) | (0.0242) | |||||||
self-reported health status | −0.0811*** | −0.0735*** | − 0.00194 | − 0.0632*** | − 0.0575*** | − 0.00558 | 0.00617 | 0.00873 |
(0.00713) | (0.00748) | (0.00307) | (0.00655) | (0.00681) | (0.00430) | (0.0110) | (0.0109) | |
Having hypertension or diabetes | 0.100*** | 0.0958*** | 0.00470 | 0.0854*** | 0.0823*** | 0.0162** | 0.0347** | 0.0335** |
(0.0115) | (0.0112) | (0.00410) | (0.0110) | (0.0108) | (0.00645) | (0.0151) | (0.0148) | |
Fitness time per day (min) | 0.000134 | 0.0000815 | 0.0000116 | 0.0000971 | 0.0000489 | −0.00000183 | 0.000351** | 0.000181 |
(0.0000876) | (0.0000852) | (0.0000343) | (0.0000786) | (0.0000769) | (0.0000434) | (0.000156) | (0.000153) | |
Health examination in the past one year | −0.00183 | − 0.00293 | − 0.00360 | 0.00305 | 0.00182 | 0.00134 | 0.0755*** | 0.0715*** |
(0.00821) | (0.00811) | (0.00357) | (0.00803) | (0.00788) | (0.00461) | (0.0204) | (0.0205) | |
age | 0.00153** | 0.000946 | 0.000113 | 0.00113* | 0.000631 | 0.0000274 | 0.00488*** | 0.00321** |
(0.000691) | (0.000761) | (0.000271) | (0.000630) | (0.000689) | (0.000392) | (0.00122) | (0.00127) | |
male | 0.00793 | 0.0126** | 0.00258 | 0.00547 | 0.00823* | 0.000999 | −0.0365*** | −0.0236** |
(reference group: female) | (0.00562) | (0.00587) | (0.00280) | (0.00491) | (0.00497) | (0.00345) | (0.00845) | (0.00950) |
Married | 0.00237 | 0.000302 | 0.000569 | −0.00316 | −0.00437 | −0.00418 | − 0.0171 | −0.0107 |
(reference group: Unmarried) | (0.00887) | (0.00873) | (0.00415) | (0.00767) | (0.00758) | (0.00516) | (0.0161) | (0.0167) |
Han ethnic | −0.000451 | 0.00125 | 0.00373 | −0.00464 | −0.00464 | − 0.00285 | −0.0280 | − 0.0322 |
(reference group: minority) | (0.0127) | (0.0127) | (0.00752) | (0.0115) | (0.0116) | (0.0100) | (0.0281) | (0.0273) |
Elementary school | 0.00266 | −0.00218 | −0.00233 | −0.00584 | −0.0170 | |||
(reference group: no formal education) | (0.00986) | (0.00443) | (0.00790) | (0.00499) | (0.0178) | |||
Middle school | −0.0157 | −0.0102** | −0.0127 | −0.00867 | 0.000487 | |||
(reference group: no formal education) | (0.0118) | (0.00515) | (0.00988) | (0.00574) | (0.0213) | |||
High school/vocational school | 0.000738 | −0.00193 | 0.00700 | 0.00507 | −0.0170 | |||
(reference group: no formal education) | (0.0162) | (0.00682) | (0.0145) | (0.00799) | (0.0384) | |||
college and above | −0.0709*** | −0.0225* | −0.0621*** | −0.0270* | −0.0617 | |||
(reference group: no formal education) | (0.0187) | (0.0136) | (0.0171) | (0.0145) | (0.0604) | |||
rural | 0.0101 | 0.000679 | 0.00742 | 0.000608 | −0.0321 | |||
(reference group: urban) | (0.00892) | (0.00527) | (0.00799) | (0.00585) | (0.0206) | |||
income | −0.00474 | −0.000639 | 0.00472 | 0.00770** | 0.0275** | |||
(0.00521) | (0.00211) | (0.00319) | (0.00327) | (0.0120) | ||||
expenditure | 0.0166 | −0.000869 | 0.00600 | − 0.00663 | − 0.0205 | |||
(0.0108) | (0.00423) | (0.00788) | (0.00527) | (0.0215) | ||||
Food expenditure | −0.00831 | 0.00225 | −0.00677 | 0.000888 | −0.000658 | |||
(0.00773) | (0.00361) | (0.00669) | (0.00443) | (0.0155) | ||||
House expenditure | −0.000830 | −0.000593 | −0.000495 | −0.000323 | −0.00820** | |||
(0.00154) | (0.000736) | (0.00136) | (0.000929) | (0.00377) | ||||
Main source of income | ||||||||
Pension and Savings | 0.0279** | −0.0151** | 0.0252** | −0.00598 | 0.0417 | |||
(reference group: self-employment) | (0.0137) | (0.00688) | (0.0120) | (0.00799) | (0.0298) | |||
Support from other family numbers | 0.0110 | −0.0143** | 0.0152 | −0.00315 | 0.0585** | |||
(reference group: self-employment) | (0.0131) | (0.00638) | (0.0123) | (0.00756) | (0.0280) | |||
Others | 0.0109 | −0.0145* | 0.00732 | −0.0111 | −0.0179 | |||
(reference group: self-employment) | (0.0183) | (0.00755) | (0.0163) | (0.00996) | (0.0336) | |||
Number of friends in residence | 0.000474 | 0.0000575 | 0.000582 | 0.000280 | 0.00251*** | |||
(0.000450) | (0.000152) | (0.000388) | (0.000250) | (0.000959) | ||||
years since migration | 0.000649 | 0.000408 | 0.00140*** | 0.00122*** | −0.00107 | |||
(0.000557) | (0.000302) | (0.000519) | (0.000366) | (0.00122) | ||||
Main source of income | 0.0141 | 0.0242*** | 0.00457 | 0.0119 | 0.0198 | |||
(0.0123) | (0.00773) | (0.0115) | (0.00791) | (0.0293) | ||||
Fixed effects of origin provinces | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Fixed effects of flow-in cities | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
_cons | 0.121* | 0.0781 | 0.0588* | 0.163*** | 0.114 | 0.0996** | 0.591*** | 0.702*** |
(0.0616) | (0.0835) | (0.0319) | (0.0589) | (0.0776) | (0.0486) | (0.122) | (0.175) | |
N | 7919 | 7912 | 7912 | 7919 | 7912 | 7912 | 7919 | 7912 |