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Table 1 Complete attribute and level set used in the Discrete Choice Experiment

From: Service providers endorse integrated services model for youth with mental health and substance use challenges: findings from a discrete choice experiment

Attribute

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

1. Core Health Services

Only mental health counseling.

Mental health and substance misuse counseling.

Mental health and substance misuse counseling, and medication management.

Mental health and substance misuse counseling, medication management, and physical/sexual health.

2. Other Services

Education and employment services.

Housing, shelter and income support services.

Legal support services.

Choice of education, employment, housing, income support, and legal support services.

3. Caregiver Involvement

No caregiver involvement.

Caregivers receive own counseling.

Caregivers involved in family counseling with youth, with youth consent.

Caregivers involved in decisions regarding youth counseling, with youth consent.

4. Peer Support

Recreational activities led by trained peer support worker.

Can talk to a trained peer support worker, upon request.

Mental health groups run solely by a trained peer support worker.

Youth can be matched to an ongoing trained peer support worker to learn life skills and help them with services they need.

5. Cultural Sensitivity

Cultural background is not considered when picking a service or service provider.

Can ask for a service provider with a certain cultural background, when available.

Services are culturally sensitive and trauma-informed.

Culturally based services are available for cultures common in the local area.

6. E-Health Services

No e-health or electronic services.

Can schedule or reschedule appointments via email, text or online.

E-health services are offered 24/7 alongside in-person services during office hours.

All services are delivered only through a website, e-mail, text, or phone app.

7. Age Range

Services for ages 12–24, in a youth-only setting.

Services for ages 12–29, in a youth-only setting.

Services for ages 12–24, in a setting that also has services for children 0–12.

Services for ages 12–29, in a setting that also has services for adults 29 + .

8. Time of Appointments

Monday to Friday, 9 AM-5 PM.

Monday to Friday, 9 AM-9 PM.

Monday to Friday, 9 AM-9 PM, and Saturday, 9 AM-5 PM.

24/7.

9. Wait Times

See a counselor for the first time immediately, during office hours.

See a counselor for the first time after about 72 h.

See a counselor for the first time after about 1 month.

See a counselor for the first time after more than 1 month.

10. Location

Building or office in the community that specializes in mental health services.

Youth cafe and recreation centre.

Hospital or doctor’s office.

School setting.

11. Engagement

Youth and caregivers give feedback, e.g., anonymous surveys.

Youth and caregivers are on staff at the organization.

Youth and caregivers are on an advisory group that gives feedback on services and evaluation.

Youth and caregivers play a leadership role in making decisions for the organization.

12. Information Sharing

No sharing of personal information with caregivers.

All personal information is available to caregivers, with youth consent.

Service provider decides what information to share with caregivers, with youth consent.

Youth and service provider work together to decide what personal information to share with caregivers and how that can be helpful.