Any ED | Any Nonemergent ED | Any Potentially- avoidable Hospitalization | Any Primary care | Any Dental | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covariate | RR | (95 % CI) | RR | (95 % CI) | RR | (95 % CI) | RR | (95 % CI) | RR | (95 % CI) |
Enrollment Month | ||||||||||
January | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
February | 1.01 | (0.96–1.05) | 1.01 | (0.92–1.12) | 0.87 | (0.71–1.07) | 1.04* | (1.01–1.07) | 1.06 | (0.95–1.18) |
March | 0.78*** | (0.74–0.81) | 0.77*** | (0.70–0.84) | 0.73** | (0.61–0.88) | 0.82*** | (0.80–0.85) | 0.73*** | (0.66–0.81) |
April | 0.90*** | (0.86–0.94) | 0.92 | (0.84–1.01) | 0.76** | (0.62–0.93) | 0.94*** | (0.92–0.97) | 0.91 | (0.82–1.02) |
May | 0.95* | (0.91–0.99) | 0.92 | (0.84–1.02) | 0.91 | (0.75–1.10) | 0.95** | (0.93–0.98) | 0.88* | (0.79–0.98) |
June | 0.93** | (0.89–0.97) | 0.98 | (0.89–1.07) | 0.79* | (0.65–0.97) | 0.94*** | (0.91–0.97) | 1.05 | (0.95–1.16) |
July | 0.89*** | (0.85–0.94) | 0.90* | (0.82–0.99) | 0.82 | (0.66-1.00) | 0.91*** | (0.88–0.94) | 0.96 | (0.86–1.07) |
August | 0.85*** | (0.81–0.89) | 0.88** | (0.80–0.97) | 0.86 | (0.70–1.05) | 0.88*** | (0.86–0.91) | 0.90 | (0.81–1.01) |
September | 0.93** | (0.89–0.98) | 0.93 | (0.84–1.03) | 0.77* | (0.61–0.95) | 1.01 | (0.98–1.04) | 1.13* | (1.02–1.27) |
October | 0.89*** | (0.85–0.93) | 0.90* | (0.81–0.99) | 0.70 | (0.56–0.88) | 0.98 | (0.95–1.01) | 0.99 | (0.88–1.11) |
November | 0.79*** | (0.75–0.84) | 0.79*** | (0.71–0.88) | 0.87 | (0.70–1.08) | 0.84*** | (0.81–0.87) | 0.76*** | (0.67–0.86) |
December | 0.95 | (0.90-1.00) | 0.87* | (0.77–0.97) | 0.90 | (0.71–1.14) | 0.92*** | (0.89–0.96) | 0.98 | (0.86–1.12) |
Enrolled During COVID | 0.54*** | (0.52–0.57) | 0.48*** | (0.44–0.52) | 0.48*** | (0.40–0.57) | 0.66*** | (0.64–0.67) | 0.64*** | (0.59–0.70) |
Age at enrollment | ||||||||||
18–25 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
26–35 | 0.84*** | (0.82–0.86) | 0.91*** | (0.86–0.96) | 1.18* | (1.00-1.38) | 0.92*** | (0.90–0.93) | 1.01 | (0.95–1.08) |
36–45 | 0.76*** | (0.73–0.78) | 0.86*** | (0.81–0.92) | 1.75*** | (1.49–2.05) | 0.71*** | (0.69–0.72) | 0.98 | (0.91–1.05) |
46–55 | 0.66*** | (0.64–0.69) | 0.80*** | (0.74–0.85) | 2.01*** | (1.71–2.37) | 0.58*** | (0.56–0.60) | 0.64*** | (0.58–0.70) |
56–65 | 0.59*** | (0.57–0.61) | 0.71*** | (0.65–0.76) | 1.79*** | (1.51–2.12) | 0.62*** | (0.61–0.64) | 0.50*** | (0.45–0.55) |
65+ | 0.29*** | (0.28–0.31) | 0.36*** | (0.32–0.40) | 1.09 | (0.89–1.33) | 0.42*** | (0.41–0.44) | 0.54*** | (0.49–0.59) |
Race | ||||||||||
White | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
Black | 1.21*** | (1.18–1.23) | 1.37*** | (1.31–1.43) | 1.31*** | (1.19–1.44) | 0.89*** | (0.88–0.91) | 1.14*** | (1.08–1.20) |
Multiple/Other | 0.67*** | (0.64–0.71) | 0.65*** | (0.58–0.73) | 0.58*** | (0.45–0.75) | 0.74*** | (0.71–0.76) | 0.72*** | (0.64–0.80) |
Unknown | 0.52*** | (0.44–0.61) | 0.77* | (0.59-1.00) | 0.69 | (0.41–1.17) | 0.55*** | (0.50–0.61) | 0.83 | (0.60–1.14) |
Ethnicity | ||||||||||
Non-Hispanic | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||
Hispanic | 0.97 | (0.94–1.01) | 0.75*** | (0.70–0.81) | 0.98 | (0.84–1.15) | 1.81*** | (1.78–1.84) | 0.76*** | (0.71–0.83) |
Unknown | 1.47*** | (1.39–1.55) | 1.82*** | (1.65–2.01) | 2.20*** | (1.83–2.64) | 1.49*** | (1.43–1.55) | 1.05 | (0.90–1.22) |
Live in a rural county | 1.22*** | (1.19–1.24) | 1.19*** | (1.14–1.24) | 1.23*** | (1.11–1.35) | 1.11*** | (1.09–1.12) | 1.13*** | (1.07–1.19) |
Female | 1.16*** | (1.13–1.19) | 1.13*** | (1.08–1.18) | 0.69*** | (0.63–0.75) | 1.81*** | (1.78–1.85) | 1.07** | (1.02–1.13) |
N = 360,508 | N = 360,508 | N = 360,508 | N = 360,508 | N = 360.508 |