Table 2 Parameters applied in the Markov model, their distributions and the values used to estimate the distributions
Parameter | Value (variation) | Distribution | Distribution values used in PSA Mean (SE) | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratios | |||||
 Effect of intervention (95% CI) | 0.74 (0.53–1.03) | Lognormal | 0.74 (0.17) | [26] | |
 T2D-specific mortality risk (95% CI) | HR 2.47 (2.42–3.06) (women) | Lognormal | 2.47 (0.04) | [27] | |
HR 1.93 (1.79–2.07) (men) |  | 1.93 (0.05) |  | ||
 Mortality risk associated with T2D with complications | HR 2.36 (1.70–3.29) | Lognormal | 2.36 (0.41) | [28] | |
 All-cause mortalitya | Based on age and gender | – | – | [29] | |
Utilities | |||||
 Baseline utilities (EQ-5D-3L) | Women (Age, Utility, SE) | Beta | Alpha (Age, value) Women | Beta (Age, value) Women | [30] |
30–44 0.906 (0.003) |  | 30–44 8573 | 30–44, 889 |  | |
45–54 0.865 (0.005) |  | 45–54 4040 | 45–54, 631 |  | |
55–64 0.810 (0.006) |  | 55–64 3463 | 55–64, 812 |  | |
65+  0.770 (0.008) |  | 65+  2130 | 65+  636 |  | |
Men (Age, Utility, SE) | Â | Men | Men | ||
30–44 0.917 (0.003) |  | 30–44 7755 | 30–44, 702 |  | |
45–54 0.876 (0.005) |  | 45–54 3806 | 45–54, 539 |  | |
55–64 0.821 (0.006) |  | 55–64 3351 | 55–64, 731 |  | |
65+  0.781 (0.008) |  | 65+  2087 | 65+  585 | ||
 Disutility of T2D (EQ-5D-3L) (SE) | 0.041 (0.012) | Beta | Alpha 11.19 | Beta 261.9 | [31] |
 Weighted disutility of T2D complications (EQ-5D-3L)b | 0.119 (0.089–0.149) | Beta | 0.119 (0.015) | Disutility values of individual complications [32,33,34,35,36] Proportion of complications [37] | |