Table 3 Comparisons of clinical conditions upon admission, and laboratory data between cases and controls

Admission via emergency room (%)

222

(74.0)

189

(63.0)

0.001

 Mobility, independent (%)

109

(36.3)

134

(44.7)

0.008

 Bathing, independent (%)

157

(52.3)

190

(63.3)

0.048

 Nutrition (MUST), mean (SD)

0.67

(1.10)

0.52

(0.97)

0.045

  MUST, low risk: 0 (%)

195

(66.3)

215

(72.6)

0.225

  MUST, medium risk: 1 (%)

37

(12.6)

33

(11.1)

  MUST, high risk: 2–4 (%)

62

(21.1)

48

(16.2)

 Mood (BSRS), mean (SD)

0.67

(0.94)

0.78

(1.11)

0.257

 Urine incontinence, yes (%)

82

(27.3)

62

(20.7)

0.040

 Fall in the past 1 year, yes (%)

52

(17.3)

40

(13.3)

0.193

 White blood cell, ×10³ /UL

8.38

(3.77)

8.01

(3.47)

0.183

 Hemoglobin, g/dL

11.22

(2.09)

11.73

(2.40)

0.001

 Platelet, ×10³ /UL

229.34

(103.18)

234.25

(104.55)

0.567

 Creatinine, mg/dL

1.64

(2.33)

1.44

(1.83)

0.243

 Alanine aminotransferase, U/L

37.95

(71.30)

32.78

(51.86)

0.297

 Potassium, mmol/L

3.90

(0.46)

4.01

(2.23)

0.423

 Sodium, mmol/L

135.76

(11.59)

137.31

(8.02)

0.076