Table 1 Descriptive information on PHC preference under Andersen Model
Factors | 2012 (n = 12,058) | 2014 (n = 12,058) | 2016 (n = 12,058) | 2018 (n = 12,058) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PHC N (%) | Non-PHC N (%) | PHC N (%) | Non-PHC N (%) | PHC N (%) | Non-PHC N (%) | PHC N (%) | Non-PHC N (%) | |
N | 8758 (72.63) | 3300 (27.37) | 8324 (69.03) | 3734 (30.97) | 7916 (65.65) | 4142 (34.35) | 7569 (62.77) | 4489 (37.23) |
Predisposing factors | ||||||||
 Gender | ||||||||
  Female | 4532 (73.62) | 1709 (27.38) | 4292 (68.85) | 1942 (31.15) | 4072 (65.33) | 2161 (34.67) | 3922 (62.89) | 2314 (37.11) |
  Male | 4226 (72.65) | 1591 (27.35) | 4032 (69.23) | 1792 (30.77) | 3844 (65.99) | 1981 (34.01) | 3647 (62.64) | 2175 (37.36) |
|  | χ2=0.002; P = 0.968 | χ2=0.206; P = 0.650 | χ2=0.580; P = 0.444 | χ2=0.081; P = 0.776 | ||||
 Age | ||||||||
  16 ~ 25 | 530 (76.59) | 162 (23.41) | 261 (72.10) | 101 (27.90) | 95 (66.43) | 48 (33.57) | 38 (63.33) | 22 (36.67) |
  26 ~ 35 | 1198 (72.92) | 445 (27.08) | 1074 (67.12) | 526 (32.88) | 990 (66.40) | 501 (33.60) | 795 (65.70) | 415 (34.30) |
  36 ~ 45 | 2236 (74.16) | 779 (25.84) | 1081 (68.43) | 831 (31.57) | 1478 (65.56) | 781 (34.44) | 1275 (63.50) | 733 (36.50) |
  46 ~ 55 | 2187 (72.15) | 844 (27.85) | 2277 (70.74) | 942 (29.26) | 2337 (67.02) | 1150 (32.98) | 2327 (64.93) | 1257 (35.07) |
  56 ~ 65 | 1904 (72.42) | 725 (27.58) | 1979 (69.88) | 853 (30.12) | 1828 (65.40) | 967 (34.60) | 1717 (61.96) | 1054 (38.04) |
   ≥ 66 | 703 (67.08) | 345 (32.92) | 932 (65.96) | 481 (34.04) | 1179 (62.91) | 695 (37.09) | 1417 (58.43) | 1008 (41.57) |
|  | χ2=25.728; P = 0.000 | χ2=16.334; P = 0.006 | χ2=9.619; P = 0.087 | χ2=32.343; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Education | ||||||||
  Junior high school and below | 7544 (77.20) | 2228 (22.80) | 7222 (73.93) | 2547 (26.07) | 6908 (70.79) | 2851 (29.21) | 6493 (67.52) | 3124 (32.48) |
  High school or secondary | 932 (60.76) | 602 (39.24) | 861 (56.53) | 662 (43.47) | 785 (51.78) | 731 (48.22) | 838 (53.27) | 735 (46.73) |
  University or college and above | 282 (37.50) | 470 (62.50) | 241 (31.46) | 525 (68.54) | 223 (28.48) | 560 (71.52) | 238 (27.42) | 630 (72.58) |
|  | χ2=678.361; P = 0.000 | χ2=726.595; P = 0.000 | χ2=723.167; P = 0.000 | χ2=617.557; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Ethnicity | ||||||||
  Han | 8158 (72.43) | 3105 (27.57) | 7743 (68.75) | 3520 (31.25) | 7354 (65.29) | 3909 (34.71) | 7053 (62.62) | 4210 (37.38) |
  Minority | 600 (75.47) | 195 (24.53) | 581 (73.08) | 214 (26.92) | 562 (70.69) | 233 (29.31) | 516 (64.91) | 279 (35.09) |
|  | χ2=3.452; P = 0.063 | χ2=6.526; P = 0.011 | χ2=9.596; P = 0.002 | χ2=1.659; P = 0.198 | ||||
 Marital status | ||||||||
  Unmarried | 705 (69.25) | 313 (30.75) | 687 (66.89) | 340 (33.11) | 678 (65.26) | 361 (34.74) | 704 (60.07) | 468 (39.93) |
  Married | 8053 (72.94) | 2987 (27.06) | 7637 (69.23) | 3394 (30.77) | 7238 (65.69) | 3781 (34.31) | 6865 (63.06) | 4021 (36.94) |
|  | χ2=6.386; P = 0.012 | χ2=2.403; P = 0.121 | χ2=0.078; P = 0.779 | χ2=4.060; P = 0.044 | ||||
 Household size | ||||||||
  1 ~ 2 person | 1223 (65.61) | 641 (34.39) | 1306 (61.49) | 818 (38.51) | 1363 (58.75) | 957 (41.25) | 1544 (55.34) | 1246 (44.66) |
  3–4 person | 3534 (69.61) | 1543 (30.39) | 3161 (65.27) | 1682 (34.73) | 2890 (63.64) | 1651 (36.36) | 2651 (60.87) | 1704 (39.13) |
   ≥ 5 person | 4001 (78.19) | 1116 (21.81) | 3857 (75.76) | 1234 (24.24) | 3663 (70.48) | 1534 (29.52) | 3374 (68.67) | 1539 (31.33) |
|  | χ2=149.104; P = 0.000 | χ2=196.458; P = 0.000 | χ2=110.925; P = 0.000 | χ2=145.916; P = 0.000 | ||||
Enabling factors | ||||||||
 Household income | ||||||||
   < 30 thousand | 3941 (78.38) | 1087 (21.62) | 3749 (76.32) | 1163 (23.68) | 3667 (75.42) | 1195 (24.58) | 2987 (71.10) | 1214 (28.90) |
  30 ~ 50 thousand | 1828 (71.32) | 735 (28.68) | 1981 (70.10) | 845 (29.90) | 1594 (66.86) | 790 (33.14) | 1730 (68.43) | 798 (31.57) |
  50 ~ 70 thousand | 1172 (69.93) | 504 (30.07) | 941 (62.65) | 561 (37.35) | 947 (61.10) | 603 (38.90) | 941 (59.37) | 644 (40.63) |
  70 ~ 90 thousand | 691 (68.48) | 318 (31.52) | 550(58.70) | 387 (41.30) | 528 (54.72) | 437 (45.28) | 511 (56.22) | 398 (43.78) |
   ≥ 90 thousand | 1126 (69.19) | 656 (31.81) | 1103 (58.64) | 778 (41.36) | 1180 (51.37) | 1117 (48.63) | 1400 (49.38) | 1435 (50.62) |
|  | χ2=180.677; P = 0.000 | χ2=294.129; P = 0.000 | χ2=480.505; P = 0.000 | χ2=401.478; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Employment status | ||||||||
  Not currently working | 3341 (71.22) | 1350 (28.78) | 1327 (54.90) | 1090 (45.10) | 1334 (50.90) | 1287 (49.10) | 1312 (46.67) | 1499 (53.33) |
  Currently working | 5417 (73.53) | 1950 (26.47) | 6997 (72.58) | 2644 (27.42) | 6582 (69.75) | 2855 (30.25) | 6257 (67.67) | 2990 (32.33) |
|  | χ2=7.688; P = 0.006 | χ2=282.340; P = 0.000 | χ2=323.213; P = 0.000 | χ2=406.473; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Hukou | ||||||||
  Agricultural | 7538 (81.22) | 1743 (18.78) | 7206 (78.06) | 2025 (31.94) | 6875 (74.80) | 2316 (25.20) | 6546 (71.31) | 2633 (28.69) |
  Non-agricultural | 1220 (43.93) | 1557 (56.07) | 1118 (39.55) | 1709 (60.45) | 1041 (36.31) | 1826 (63.69) | 1023 (35.53) | 1856 (64.47) |
|  | χ2=1.5 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.5 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.4 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.2 × 103; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Social basic medical insurance status | ||||||||
  UEBMI | 606 (40.00) | 909 (60.00) | 544 (33.54) | 1078 (66.46) | 514 (30.50) | 1171 (69.50) | 531 (30.62) | 1203 (69.38) |
  URBMI | 337 (47.20) | 377 (52.80) | 370 (44.31) | 465 (55.69) | 341 (41.38) | 483 (58.62) | 332 (35.97) | 591 (64.03) |
  NCMS | 7679 (81.29) | 1767 (18.71) | 7305 (78.59) | 1990 (21.41) | 6998 (75.17) | 2311 (24.83) | 6632 (72.35) | 2534 (27.65) |
  FMS | 136 (35.51) | 247 (64.49) | 105 (34.31) | 201 (65.69) | 63 (26.25) | 177 (73.75) | 74 (31.49) | 161 (65.81) |
|  | χ2=1.7 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.8 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.7 × 103; P = 0.000 | χ2=1.5 × 103; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Geographic region | ||||||||
  East | 3333 (68.41) | 1539 (31.59) | 3232 (66.19) | 1651 (33.81) | 3042 (61.97) | 1867 (38.03) | 2886 (58.41) | 2055 (41.59) |
  Central | 2728 (72.75) | 1022 (27.25) | 2555 (68.32) | 1185 (31.68) | 2416 (64.89) | 1307 (35.11) | 2337 (63.11) | 1366 (36.89) |
  West | 2697 (78.49) | 739 (21.51) | 2537 (73.86) | 898 (26.14) | 2458 (71.75) | 968 (28.25) | 2346 (68.72) | 1068 (31.28) |
|  | χ2=103.54; P = 0.000 | χ2=56.776; P = 0.000 | χ2=86.905; P = 0.000 | χ2=92.060; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Living area | ||||||||
  Rural | 5886 (82.03) | 1289 (17.97) | 5444 (79.27) | 1424 (20.73) | 5170 (77.21) | 1526 (22.79) | 4740 (72.79) | 1772 (27.21) |
  Urban | 2872 (58.82) | 2011 (41.18) | 2880 (55.49) | 2310 (44.51) | 2746 (51.21) | 2616 (48.79) | 2829 (51.01) | 2717 (48.99) |
|  | χ2=788.016; P = 0.000 | χ2=781.630; P = 0.000 | χ2=892.448; P = 0.000 | χ2=607.933; P = 0.000 | ||||
Needs-based factors | ||||||||
 Health status | ||||||||
  Good | 5488 (75.20) | 1810 (24.80) | 5756 (71.17) | 2332 (28.83) | 5025 (67.84) | 2382 (32.16) | 5061 (65.12) | 2711 (34.88) |
  Fair | 1732 (71.51) | 690 (28.49) | 1295 (68.34) | 600 (31.66) | 1620 (64.70) | 884 (35.30) | 1159 (62.89) | 684 (37.11) |
  Poor | 1538 (65.78) | 800 (34.22) | 1273 (61.35) | 802 (38.65) | 1271 (59.20) | 876 (40.80) | 1349 (55.22) | 1094 (44.78) |
|  | χ2=80.896; P = 0.000 | χ2=74.966; P = 0.000 | χ2=56.402; P = 0.000 | χ2=77.959; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Chronic disease | ||||||||
  No | 7720 (74.80) | 2601 (25.20) | 6989 (72.40) | 2664 (27.60) | 6591 (68.73) | 2999 (31.27) | 6239 (65.97) | 3219 (34.03) |
  Yes | 1038 (59.76) | 699 (40.24) | 1335 (55.51) | 1070 (44.49) | 1325 (53.69) | 1143 (46.31) | 1330 (51.15) | 1270 (48.85) |
|  | χ2=169.027; P = 0.000 | χ2=257.016; P = 0.000 | χ2=196.905; P = 0.000 | χ2=191.451; P = 0.000 | ||||
 Hospitalization | ||||||||
  No | 8058 (73.72) | 2872 (26.28) | 7666 (72.12) | 2963 (27.88) | 7181 (68.82) | 3253 (31.18) | 6745 (66.66) | 3373 (33.34) |
  Yes | 700 (62.06) | 428 (37.94) | 658 (46.05) | 771 (53.95) | 735 (45.26) | 889 (54.74) | 824 (42.47) | 1116 (57.53) |
|  | χ2=70.017; P = 0.000 | χ2=400.698; P = 0.000 | χ2=346.028; P = 0.000 | χ2=407.591; P = 0.000 | ||||