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Table 2 Emerging themes on barriers to medication adherence among stakeholders in Beijing, China (total n = 36)

From: Barriers to medication adherence in a rural-urban dual economy: a multi-stakeholder qualitative study

Level

Theme / Subtheme

n

Individual patient

Lack of medical knowledge

- Misperceptions on preventative medications

- Misguided fears on risk of side effects

33

Attitudes of apathy

- Symptoms of depression and anxiety

- General resignation / “giving up” on health-seeking behavior

27

Patient-provider interaction

Shortage of providers

- Limited time for individualized patient education

- Heavy patient caseloads / lack of doctor-patient relationship

27

Health systems

Lack of coordinated follow-up

- Lack of centralized health data management system

- Limited communication across tiered providers

33

Resourcing and geographic spread between tiered providers

33

Societal

Ability to pay / affordability

- Cost of long-term medication usage

- Additional cost of associated services

29

Insurance policies

32