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Table. 4 Heterogeneity in health insurance participation’s impact on vision health among people of different sex, age, education level, and basic eye condition

From: Health insurance enrollment and vision health in rural China: an epidemiological survey

 

Visual impairment

 

Male

Female

18–45 years

46–60 years

61–80 years

Above 80 years

Insurance_hat a

-0.0235***

-0.0201***

-0.0068**

-0.0370***

-0.0380***

-0.0753**

 

(0.0062)

(0.0076)

(0.0033)

(0.0087)

(0.0094)

(0.0310)

Observations

11,849

16,938

4,827

8,466

14,284

1,210

 

Primary school and below

Junior high school

Senior high school

College and above

With eye diseases b

Without eye diseases

Insurance_hat

-0.0610***

-0.0561***

-0.0165**

0.0022

-0.0503***

-0.0262***

 

(0.0095)

(0.0131)

(0.0066)

(0.0051)

(0.0164)

(0.0051)

Observations

17,047

7,082

2,702

1,956

746

28,041

  1. Note: Average marginal effect of all the explanatory variables are given, with robust standard errors shown in parentheses. ***, ** and * denote statistical significance at 1 %, 5 and 10 % levels, respectively. Due to limited space, the results of control variables are not presented here
  2. a Insurance_hat represents the predicted health insurance enrollment obtained by using the coefficients estimated from the first step of the IV method
  3. b The eye diseases here refer to the eye diseases studied in the basic eye conditions in this paper, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and retinal vein obstruction
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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