Table 1 Integrating NPT constructs and co-design methods to address evaluation questions
Evaluation Question | NPT Construct | Design Method |
|---|---|---|
Why? Why should patients and professionals engage with the ePRO system? | Coherence What is the meaning of the intervention to the different stakeholders? | Empathy mapping Involves asking a stakeholder group to map out what they see, hear, and think in a particular situation or setting, and what their main ‘pains and gains’ are (what they hope will happen and what they are worried about) Aim: To better understand the end user of the ePRO system, to elicit data regarding the individual (personal) and social (organisational) context in which the ePRO system would be expected to operate. |
Who? Who needs to be involved in supporting delivery of the ePRO system? | Cognitive participation What roles need to be undertaken to deliver the intervention and who is able to perform them? | Process mapping A flowchart style representation of a process in action over stages of time or across different locations, including specifying tasks and roles to deliver each element. Aim: to use process mapping as a form of prototyping, to communicate our expectations of how the ePRO system would be delivered in practice, and to enable staff and patients to imagine this process and expose assumptions or anticipate barriers to delivery. |
Where & when? What is the best time and location to deliver the ePRO system? | Collective action What are the existing routines and practices which the intervention must work alongside? | Observation Rapid ethnography to enable in situ observation of routines of practice. Research team visits at each participating site, formal observations conducted by researcher (AE). Aim: to understand the spatial and temporal organisation of the site, and to observe how staff and patients interacted and how patient information was collected. |
How? How well has delivery of the ePRO system worked, and what could be done differently? | Reflexive monitoring How do users assess the value of the intervention and how do they make changes? | Iterative development Cycles of development with each study site to identify problems in realising the value of ePRO system and implement modifications to improve delivery. (To be explored in future work) |