Table 1 Data sources and variables
Data Source | Description | Variables and variable description |
|---|---|---|
Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)[28] | Information that is required to be collected by secondary care providers | ∙ Hospital admissions of people with dementia |
∙ Admission source – where most patients were admitted from (from home or not, reference: not from home). Not from home is a combined category, including all other sources, such as other NHS providers, local authorities, or penal establishments. | ||
∙ Region of England of practice, of which there are 9 (reference: London) | ||
∙ Rurality, i.e. whether a practice is located in a rural or urban area, dichotomised from the rural-urban index (reference: urban) Year (the year the admission took place, reference: 2017) | ||
GP Practice Profiles [29] | Collates data that GPs report to the NHS. The data here refer to all patients in a practice, not just people with dementia | ∙ Mean practice age |
∙ Percent of female patients | ||
∙ Index of multiple deprivation (IMD), a measure of relative deprivation of the practice’s area, with a higher score indicating more deprivation. | ||
∙ Open/close date of practices | ||
∙ Archived practices (those closed prior to the beginning of the previous financial year) | ||
∙ The patient population of each practice, split into quartiles, Reference category: the largest practice size quartile | ||
GP Patient Survey [30] | Records patient experiences in GP practices | ∙ Percentage of practice access rated as “good” or not by patients |
Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF) [31] | Quality measures for GP practices based on several indicators, covering management of chronic conditions and public health concerns, as well as preventative service provision, agreed on by contract negotiations each year. | ∙ Number of patients in the practice with dementia |
∙ QOF score – a measure of whether or not a practice meets quality criteria, here dichotomised as ≤90% achievement and >90% achievement. Each indicator adds points to the total. (reference: ≤90%) | ||
CCG Programme budgeting benchmarking tool [32] | Performance statistics collected by CCGs to support evidence-based commissioning of services | ∙ Percentage mental health spend for CCGs |