Table 5 Factors associated with catastrophic health expenditure in Afghanistan, 2017
From: Measurement and determinants of financial protection in health in Afghanistan
| Â | CHE as 10% of total expenditure | CHE as 40% of nonfood expenditure | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameter | Î’ | T | Pr > |t| | Odds Ratio | Î’ | T | Pr > |t| | Odds Ratio |
Type of disease (reference = No member with diseases) | ||||||||
 Infectious and parasitic diseases | 3.5 | 44.3 | 0.0 | 34.8 | 3.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | 19.6 |
 Circulatory system and endocrine disease | 3.9 | 39.9 | 0.0 | 50.7 | 3.4 | 25.7 | 0.0 | 29.8 |
 Respiratory system diseases | 3.3 | 37.3 | 0.0 | 26.6 | 3.0 | 23.3 | 0.0 | 19.5 |
 Other diseases | 3.8 | 51.7 | 0.0 | 43.8 | 3.3 | 29.3 | 0.0 | 27.5 |
Household composition (reference = At least one member) | ||||||||
 Without elderly member | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.1 | 1.1 |
 Without disable member | 0.3 | 5.8 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 1.4 |
Economic Shock in household | 0.8 | 17.6 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 14.4 | 0.0 | 1.3 |
Gender of household head (reference = Male) | ||||||||
 Female | 0.5 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 1.9 |
Age of household head (reference =10-39 years old) | ||||||||
 >39 years old | -0.1 | -3.1 | 0.0 | 0.9 | -0.1 | -1.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 |
Employment status (reference = Unemployed) | ||||||||
 Employed | -0.1 | -3.3 | 0.0 | 0.9 | -0.3 | -4.8 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
Education level (reference = Illiterate) | ||||||||
 Primary level | -0.2 | -3.6 | 0.0 | 0.8 | -0.4 | -5.1 | 0.0 | 0.7 |
 High level | -0.3 | -2.6 | 0.0 | 0.8 | -0.4 | -3.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 |
Area of residence (reference = Urban area) | ||||||||
 Rural | 0.3 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 1.9 |
 Kuchi (Nomadic) | 0.8 | 6.6 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 8.8 | 0.0 | 3.9 |
Expenditure Quintile (reference = Q1 (Poorest Quintile)) | ||||||||
 Q2 | 0.6 | 9.7 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 6.0 | 0.0 | 1.6 |
 Q3 | 0.9 | 13.6 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 0.6 | 7.2 | 0.0 | 1.8 |
 Q4 | 1.2 | 16.5 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 9.0 | 0.0 | 2.4 |
 Q5 (Richest Quintile) | 1.0 | 13.0 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 2.2 |
household size (reference =1-2 members) | ||||||||
 3-4 members | 0.2 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 1.2 | -0.2 | -1.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
 ≥ 5 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.8 | 1.0 | -0.6 | -3.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 |
Intercept | -1.7 | -11.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | -2.4 | -12.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
F value (goodness of fit test) | F: 26.48 | DF: 16 | Pr >0.000 | F: 17.76 | DF: 16 | Pr >0.0000 | ||