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Table 3 Means and standard deviations of FFMHPQ subscale scores in participants with or without previous FFP-related experiences

From: Chinese mental health workers’ family-focused practices: a cross-sectional survey

Subscale scoresa

Previous training in FFPb

Previous involvement in FFPc

Previous experiences of caring for sick relatives or friendsd

Yes (n = 212)

No (n = 303)

Yes (n = 159)

No (n = 356)

Yes (n = 300)

No (n = 215)

Workplace support for family-focused practice

4.81 (1.35)

4.68 (1.37)

4.79 (1.43)

4.71 (1.34)

4.77 (1.42)

4.70 (1.27)

Location issues in relation to family-focused practice

3.32 (1.28)

3.21 (1.16)

3.41 (1.36)*

3.18 (1.14)*

3.35 (1.29)

3.10 (1.09)

Time and workload

3.89 (1.13)*

3.66 (0.98)*

3.88 (1.18)

3.70 (0.98)

3.80 (1.13)

3.68 (0.93)

Family-focused policy and procedure

4.27 (1.33)

4.50 (1.32)

4.25 (1.35)

4.47 (1.31)

4.44 (1.34)

4.35 (1.32)

Family-focused professional development opportunities

4.59 (1.28)

4.31 (1.36)

4.63 (1.25)

4.34 (1.36)

4.53 (1.34)*

4.28 (1.31)*

Coworker support

4.76 (1.16)

4.68 (1.15)

4.73 (1.20)

4.71 (1.14)

4.78 (1.22)

4.63 (1.06)

Providing support to the family and client for parenting

4.99 (0.95)

4.69 (0.95)

5.00 (1.00)

4.73 (0.93)

4.84 (1.01)

4.77 (0.89)

Worker confidence in family-focused practice

4.19 (1.32)*

3.75 (1.26)*

4.19 (1.34)

3.82 (1.27)

4.03 (1.34)

3.80 (1.25)

Providing support to families and children

4.78 (1.18)

4.24 (1.15)

4.83 (1.17)

4.30 (1.17)

4.59 (1.17)*

4.29 (1.20)*

Engaging with family

3.78 (1.08)*

3.46 (0.99)*

3.74 (1.09)

3.53 (1.01)

3.59 (1.06)

3.59 (1.01)

Assessing impact of parental mental illness on the child

4.54 (1.15)

4.40 (1.17)

4.54 (1.20)

4.42 (1.15)

4.47 (1.20)

4.44 (1.11)

The need for further training

5.46 (1.04)

5.35 (1.09)

5.44 (1.11)

5.38 (1.06)

5.48 (1.09)*

5.29 (1.04)*

Skill and knowledge

4.47 (0.80)*

4.17 (0.74)*

4.49 (0.83)*

4.21 (0.73)*

4.35 (0.83)

4.21 (0.69)

Service availability

3.41 (1.29)

3.34 (1.22)

3.43 (1.37)

3.35 (1.19)

3.43 (1.30)

3.29 (1.17)

Promoting family connectedness

4.44 (0.82)

4.19 (0.77)

4.42 (0.90)

4.23 (0.75)

4.36 (0.80)

4.20 (0.79)

Referrals for family members

4.55 (0.95)***

4.10 (0.87)***

4.49 (1.02)

4.19 (0.87)

4.31 (0.95)

4.25 (0.90)

Inter-professional practice

5.42 (1.02)

4.23 (1.01)

5.41 (1.08)

5.33 (1.00)

5.44 (1.04)*

5.25 (0.99)*

Supporting parenting within the context of mental illness

4.24 (1.01)***

3.69 (0.98)***

4.22 (1.11)*

3.78 (0.96)*

3.98 (1.08)

3.82 (0.95)

  1. a. A subscale score of < 4, 4, and > 4 indicates a negative, neutral, and positive appraisal respectively
  2. b. All the results were adjusted for age, gender, education, profession type, place of service, length of service, previous involvement in FFP, and previous experiences of caring for sick relatives or friends
  3. c. All the results were adjusted for age, gender, education, profession type, place of service, length of service, previous training in FFP, and previous experiences of caring for sick relatives or friends
  4. d. All the results were adjusted for age, gender, education, profession type, place of service, length of service, previous training in FFP, and previous involvement in FFP
  5. Abbreviations: FFMHPQ Family-Focused Mental Health Practice Questionnaire; FFP family-focused practice
  6. Notes: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001