Effectiveness of self-managed continuous monitoring for maintaining high-quality early essential newborn care compared to supervision visit in Lao PDR: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Table 6 Skill scores according to the intervention group stratified by province (LOCF)

Province	Skill	Intervention	n	Mean [SD]		Model 1^a		Model 2^a		Model 3^a		Model 4^a
Province	Skill	Intervention	n	0 month (baseline)	12 months (endpoint)	Estimation	P-value	Estimation	P-value	Estimation	P-value	Estimation	P-value
Huaphanh	Total	Self-monitoring	53	101.3 [6.3]	86.1 [16.3]	0.68	0.832	0.68	0.824	0.68	0.825	0.68	0.826
		Supervisory visit	69	98.7 [10.0]	82.8 [15.7]
	Breathing baby	Self-monitoring	53	42.4 [2.8]	39.7 [4.7]	0.28	0.831	0.28	0.818	0.28	0.817	0.28	0.819
		Supervisory visit	69	41.9 [3.1]	38.5 [5.1]
	Nonbreathing baby	Self-monitoring	53	58.9 [3.9]	46.4 [12.6]	−2.49	0.338	−2.49	0.310	−2.49	0.314	−2.49	0.317
	Nonbreathing baby	Supervisory visit	69	56.8 [7.4]	44.3 [11.8]
Xiangkhouang	Total	Self-monitoring	36	90.3 [16.3]	75.2 [13.7]	−8.78	0.061	−8.78	0.023	−8.78	0.024	−8.78	0.026
		Supervisory visit	33	92.3 [22.1]	86.0 [9.9]
	Breathing baby	Self-monitoring	36	39.3 [6.4]	34.5 [5.6]	−4.00	0.047	−4.00	0.014	−4.00	0.015	−4.00	0.017
	Breathing baby	Supervisory visit	33	39.3 [7.7]	37.9 [4.1]
	Nonbreathing baby	Self-monitoring	36	51.0 [11.1]	40.7 [9.1]	− 6.81	0.047	−6.81	0.011	− 6.81	0.011	−6.81	0.013
	Nonbreathing baby	Supervisory visit	33	53.0 [14.9]	48.1 [6.4]

Model 1: crude mixed-effects model
Model 2: mixed-effects model adjusted for baseline skill
Model 3: mixed-effects model adjusted for baseline skill, TPB, and knowledge, gender, and age
Model 4: mixed-effects model adjusted for baseline skill, TPB, and knowledge, gender, age, ethnicity, position, job title, and years of experience
Test for the effect of intervention by province in the overall analysis produced a p-value of 0.007 after adjusting for baseline skill, TPB, and knowledge, gender, age, ethnicity, position, job title, and years of experience
LOCF Last observation carried forward, n Number, SD Standard deviation
^aTest for the effect of intervention over time

ISSN: 1472-6963