Effectiveness of self-managed continuous monitoring for maintaining high-quality early essential newborn care compared to supervision visit in Lao PDR: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Horiuchi, Sayaka; Rattana, Sommana; Saysanasongkham, Bounnack; Kounnavongsa, Outhevanh; Kubota, Shogo; Inoue, Mariko; Yamaoka, Kazue

doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06481-6

Table 4 TPB scores in each subdomain according to the intervention group by province (LOCF)

From: Effectiveness of self-managed continuous monitoring for maintaining high-quality early essential newborn care compared to supervision visit in Lao PDR: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Province	TPB domains	Intervention	Number	Mean [SD]		Crude^a		Adjust^ab
Province		Intervention	Number	0 (baseline)	12 months	Estimation	P-value	Estimation	P-value
Huaphanh	Attitude	Self-monitoring	54	25.8 [3.1]	27.1 [2.2]	1.53	0.008	1.53	0.002
		Supervisory visit	70	27.4 [1.7]	27.2 [1.9]	1.53
	Behavioral beliefs	Self-monitoring	54	51.9 [14.0]	58.0 [9.6]	2.85	0.308	2.85	0.216
		Supervisory visit	70	53.4 [15.0]	56.7 [9.3]	2.85
	Subjective norms	Self-monitoring	54	17.5 [3.4]	18.0 [2.9]	0.209	0.762	0.209	0.735
		Supervisory visit	70	18.0 [2.9]	17.6 [2.9]
	Normative beliefs	Self-monitoring	54	44.2 [21.4]	53.8 [12.8]	5.08	0.188	5.08	0.120
		Supervisory visit	70	47.2 [17.8]	51.7 [15.6]
	Perceived behavioral control	Self-monitoring	54	19.1 [3.6]	20.9 [2.6]	−0.43	0.592	−0.43	0.550
	Perceived behavioral control	Supervisory visit	70	19.3 [3.7]	21.5 [4.1]
	Control beliefs	Self-monitoring	54	7.2 [15.0]	11.8 [14.7]	5.65	0.115	5.65	0.065
		Supervisory visit	70	4.5 [19.3]	3.4 [12.8]
	Intention	Self-monitoring	54	13.5 [1.0]	13.8 [0.6]	−0.08	0.726	−0.09	0.666
		Supervisory visit	70	13.4 [1.7]	13.7 [0.9]
Xiangkhouang	Attitude	Self-monitoring	37	26.8 [2.0]	26.2 [2.6]	−0.11	0.870	− 0.11	0.857
		Supervisory visit	35	27.5 [1.4]	27.1 [1.9]
	Behavioral beliefs	Self-monitoring	37	52.7 [11.4]	52.7 [11.8]	−2.31	0.487	−2.31	0.436
		Supervisory visit	35	54.5 [11.0]	56.7 [10.2]
	Subjective norms	Self-monitoring	37	17.6 [2.8]	16.9 [2.9]	−0.88	0.332	−0.88	0.273
		Supervisory visit	35	18.0 [2.9]	18.2 [2.8]
	Normative beliefs	Self-monitoring	37	46.8 [17.1]	44.0 [15.3]	−5.10	0.343	−5.10	0.264
		Supervisory visit	35	47.4 [19.6]	49.7 [15.0]
	Perceived behavioral control	Self-monitoring	37	19.9 [3.4]	21.1 [3.1]	−0.47	0.650	−0.47	0.593
		Supervisory visit	35	20.0 [4.1]	21.7 [2.8]
	Control beliefs	Self-monitoring	37	6.1 [20.2]	3.0 [12.8]	−9.08	0.053	−9.08	0.025
		Supervisory visit	35	0.3 [19.1]	6.2 [16.6]
	Intention	Self-monitoring	37	13.3 [1.2]	13.2 [1.4]	0.06	0.856	0.06	0.842
		Supervisory visit	35	13.7 [0.7]	13.6 [0.8]

LOCF Last observation carried forward, SD Standard deviation
^aTest for the effect of intervention over time
^bAdjusted for baseline score

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