Table 2 Summary of reviewed articles and evidence
# | Author | Year | Journal | Pre-visit model | Objective | Findings and applied techniques characteristics | CASP SCORE | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample size | Effectiveness | Clinic | Country | Disease | Type of medical informatics solution | Collected data | Outcome measures | |||||||
1 | Allende-Richter, S. H. et al. [64] | 2018 | Clin Pediatr | Paper-based checklist | (1) Enhance team working among care team members and (2) Provide early access to existing medical services. | Not mentioned | +++ | Primary care clinic | USA | General | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Identifying referral appropriateness | 18 |
2 | Rivo, J. et al. [24] | 2015 | Popul Health Manag | Phone-based pre-office visit preparation | Improving compliance with recommended tests and screenings. | 7491 patients | +++ | Primary care clinic | USA | Diabetes | Decision aid tools | Demographic data, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Patient expectations in consultations, Adherence to visit scheduling | 17 |
3 | Cox, N et al. [57] | 2018 | J Am Board Fam Med | A pre-clinic care team consultation | To evaluate the impact of a pre-visit pharmacist consultation for chronic non-cancer pain | 45 patients | +++ | A family medicine residency clinic | USA | Chronic Opioid | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Appointment intake information, Medication and treatment adherence, ITT analysis, Mental health topics | 16 |
4 | Paget et al. [53] | 2015 | Health Promot Pract, | Phone-based pre-office visit preparation | To increase patient compliance with scheduled appointments, follow up, and complete exams on time. | 5539 patients | +++ | Diabetic clinic | USA | Diabetes | Decision aid tools | Demographic data, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Medication and treatment adherence, Adherence to visit scheduling, Visit length | 17 |
5 | Bose-Brill, S et al. [70] | 2018 | J Med Internet Res | EHR-linked care program | To determine the impact of pre-visit ACP planning using a secure EHR-linked framework | 419 patients aged between 50 and 93 years | +++ | Routine follow-up visit | USA | Primary care clinic | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, and knowledge, Patient expectations in consultations, Medication and treatment adherence, visit length, Identifying referral appropriateness | 15 |
6 | Riese, A et al. [48] | 2015 | Acad Pediatr | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To determine the efficacy of electronic pre-visit questionnaires (PVCs) | 183 adolescents | +++ | Pediatric primary care clinic | USA | pediatric diseases | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Identifying referral appropriateness | 18 |
7 | Myers, P et al. [36] | 2020 | J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg | Online and offline sources of information and support | To improve patient understanding of insurance coverage by providing educational materials | 100 patients | ++ | Surgery clinic | USA | Obesity | Patient education | Demographic data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Medication | Patient satisfaction, Appointment intake information, Quality of life | 16 |
8 | Frank, O et al. [50] | 2014 | Aust Fam Physician | Paper-based checklist | To assess whether ongoing programs are acceptable to patients and feasible in busy routine clinical practice. | 14 GP and 130 patients | +++ | General clinic | Australian | General | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Identifying referral appropriateness | 13 |
9 | Lewin, W et al. [51] | 2009 | Can Fam Physician | Paper-based checklist | To assess the efficacy of a pre-visit questionnaire (PVQ) | 210 patients aged 13 to 19 | +++ | Primary care | Canada | Psychology | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Identifying referral appropriateness | 18 |
10 | Liu, T et al. [25] | 2018 | J Arthroplasty | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To clarify the patient preference with hip and knee arthritis regarding pre-visit completion | 51 Patients | ++ | Arthroplasty clinics | USA | Hip and Knee Pain | Pre-assessment tools, Decision aid tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions and knowledge, Perceived involvement in care, Patient waiting times, Identifying referral appropriateness | 18 |
11 | Stankowski-Drengler, T. J et al. [37] | 2019 | Ann Surg Oncol | Online and offline sources of information and support | To assess completion, delivery method, and barriers or facilitators to pre-visit completion | 201 patients | ++ | Cancer clinic | USA | Breast cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Symptoms | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Appointment intake information | 14 |
12 | Wald, J. S et al. [47] | 2010 | J Am Med Inform Assoc | EHR-linked pre-visit checklist | To examine the impact of pre-visit electronic journals in primary care as a decision aid | 2027 patients and 272 physicians | +++ | Primary clinic | USA | General | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Identifying referral appropriateness | 20 |
13 | Zanini, C et al. [65] | 2018 | Patient Educ Couns | Paper-based checklist | Assess high-quality websites on patients’ perceptions of | 38 patients | +++ | neurology | Switzerland | Chronic pain | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Patient-provider communication, Patient expectations in consultations | 15 |
14 | Grant. R et al. [22] | 2016 | Contemp Clin Trials | EHR-linked care program | To determine a strategy for improving diabetes care | 146 physicians with 2496 of their patients | +++ | Primary care clinic | Canada | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Medication and treatment adherence, Medication and treatment adherence, Symptom control | 19 |
15 | Frank, O. R et al. [56] | 2011 | BMC Fam Pract | Automatic reminders and sheets | Assess satisfaction with the decision process | Sixty patients | +++ | Primary care clinic | Australia | General | Reminders | Demographic data, Medication | Patient satisfaction, Medication and treatment adherence, Adherence to visit scheduling | 18 |
16 | Rodenbach, R et al. [38] | 2017 | J Clin Oncol | Online and offline sources of information and support | To examine the impact of a decision aid versus high-quality websites | 24 oncologists and 170 patients | +++ | Oncology clinic | USA | Cancer | Decision aid, Patient education | Demographic data, Drug side effects | Illness perceptions, Patient satisfaction, Patient expectations in consultations, Appointment intake information | 17 |
17 | Hitchings, S., and Barter, J [54]. | 2009 | J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care | Self-triage or self-assessment tool | This study examined whether and how a pre-consultation sheet (PCS) can facilitate doctors in identifying targets for medical advice. | 193 patients | +++ | sexual health clinics | UK | Sexual problems | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Adherence to visit scheduling, ITT analysis, Self-care, Mental health topics, Identifying referral appropriateness Symptom control | 19 |
18 | Sleath, B et al. [23] | 2017 | Patient Educ Couns | Online and offline sources of information and support | To improve patient-provider communication during time-limited primary care visits and represent a strategy for improving diabetes care. | 259 | +++ | pediatric asthma clinic | USA | Asthma | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient-provider communication, Appointment intake information | 15 |
19 | Tucholka, J. L. et al. [39] | 2018 | J Am Coll Surg | Online and offline sources of information and support | To assess the acceptability of a new strategy of pre-consultation prevention summaries and reminders in general practice. | 377 patients | +++ | Breast cancer clinic | USA | Breast cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Illness perceptions, Medication and treatment adherence | 16 |
20 | Aboumatar, H. J et al. [66] | 2013 | J Gen Intern Med | Online and offline sources of information and support | Combining patient-oncologist intervention to improve communication in advanced cancer | 41 primary care physicians and 275 of their patients | +++ | Primary care clinic | USA | Hypertension | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Appointment intake information | 18 |
21 | Albada, A. et al. [29] | 2015 | Patient Educ Couns | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To help reduce waiting times and duplication of work, improve patient pathways and decrease wasted visits | 197 patients | + | Breast cancer clinic | Norway | Breast cancer | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Adherence to visit scheduling, Visit length | 18 |
22 | Bruce, J. et al. [60] | 2018 | J Cancer Educ | Online and offline sources of information and support | To evaluate teen feedback on an asthma question intervention designed to motivate teens to be more engaged during visits and | 377 patients | ++ | breast surgery clinic | USA | Breast cancer | Patient education | Patient awareness, Symptoms | Appointment intake information, Identifying referral appropriateness | 15 |
23 | Walker, M. E. et al. [52] | 2018 | J Hand Surg Asian Pac | Paper-based checklist | To compare patients’ knowledge after the pre-consultation delivery of standard websites versus a web-based decision aid (DA). | 71 patients | ++ | Surgery clinic | USA | Hand problems | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Patient-provider communication | 14 |
24 | Savage, C. et al. [69] | 2019 | Int J Qual Health Care | Paper-based checklist | To elucidate how HL influences patients’ interest in participating in medical visit communication. | 289 questionnaires | +++ | Primary clinic | Sweden | General | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Reason for referral, Symptoms | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care | 14 |
25 | Judson, T. J. et al. [55] | 2020 | J Am Med Inform Assoc | Self-triage or self-assessment tool | To prepare for breast cancer genetic counseling. | 950 unique patients | +++ | the large academic health system | Canada | COVID-19 | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Perceived involvement in care, Self-care, Self-care, Symptom control | 18 |
26 | Albada, A. et al. [30] | 2012 | Genet Med | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To test an approach for delivering web-based information to breast cancer patients. | 200 counselees | +++ | Breast cancer genetic counseling clinic | Netherlands | Breast cancer | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Appointment intake information, Adherence to visit scheduling | 18 |
27 | Purkaple, B. A et al. [45] | 2016 | Ann Fam Med | Paper-based checklist | To measure hand surgery patient understanding compared with a US academic hand surgery practice | 64 encounters | ++ | Primary clinic | USA | General | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication | 13 |
28 | Krist, A. H. et al. [40] | 2007 | Ann Fam Med | Online and offline sources of information and support | To explore how the See-and-Treat concept can be applied in primary care and its effect | 497 participants | ++ | Primary clinic | USA | Prostate cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient expectations in consultations, visit length, Identifying referral appropriateness | 17 |
29 | Fothergill, K. E. et al. [68] | 2013 | Acad Pediatr | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To direct patients to targeted intake, advice, information, and care for respiratory symptoms and COVID-19 concerns | 172 parents | ++ | primary care pediatric | USA | Mental health | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Appointment intake information, Patient waiting times, Mental health topics | 11 |
30 | Lee, Y. K et al. [58] | 2017 | J Eval Clin Pract | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To address the unmet needs of patients with chronic diseases regarding the pre-visit website | 15 participants | +++ | Primary care | Malaysia | Chronic disease | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Appointment intake information, Identifying referral appropriateness | 20 |
31 | Johansen, M. A. et al. [59] | 2011 | Methods Inf Med | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To wonder if patients could encourage primary care physicians by writing goals on pre-encounter forms. | 83 respondents | +++ | visiting university locations | Norway | General | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Patient expectations in consultations | 11 |
32 | Hu, X et al. [61] | 2012 | J Health Commun | Online and offline sources of information and support | To evaluate whether pre-visit educational decision aids facilitate shared decision making. | 505 respondents | +++ | primary care | USA | General | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient expectations in consultations, Appointment intake information | 15 |
33 | Albada, A. et al. [42] | 2012 | Fam Cancer | Online and offline sources of information and support | To evaluate how parents and physicians perceive the utility of a comprehensive, electronic pre-visit screening, and its impact on the visit. | 371 counselees | +++ | Breast cancer genetic counseling clinic | Netherlands | Breast cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient satisfaction, Medication and treatment adherence, Illness perceptions, and knowledge | 15 |
34 | Frost, J. et al. [31] | 2019 | BMJ Open | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To explore the impact of a pre-consultation website in addressing patients’ unmet needs during chronic disease consultations. | 120 patients and 15 diabetologists | +++ | Diabetes clinics | UK | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Appointment intake information, Visit length | 17 |
35 | O’Brien, M et al. [32] | 2017 | BMC Fam Pract | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To investigate people’s attitude towards providing symptom information electronically before a consultation. | 831 patients | + | Family physician’s clinic | Canada | Lung cancer | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions, Patient expectations in consultations, Appointment intake information, Medication and treatment adherence, Mental health topics | 20 |
36 | Wald, J. S. et al. [43] | 2009 | AMIA Annu Symp Proc | EHR-linked care program | To investigate the potential of e-journal to improve patient care during a visit | 126 patients and 230 primary care providers | +++ | Primary care | USA | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Appointment intake information, Self-care, Symptom control, Visit length, | 16 |
37 | Albertson, G. et al. [72] | 2002 | Am J Manag Care | Paper-based checklist | To tailor information might help the patient to prepare for their first visit | 1495 consecutive patient visits | +++ | internal medicine clinic | USA | General | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Visit length | 14 |
38 | Wolff, J. L. et al. [46] | 2014 | J Am Geriatr Soc | Paper-based checklist | To explore whether a pre-consultation web-based intervention enables patients with diabetes to articulate their agenda in a consultation | Thirty-two patients age 65+ | +++ | Geriatric clinic | USA | Older patients | Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Patient awareness, Symptoms, Medication | Perceived involvement in care, Patient expectations in consultations | 17 |
39 | Causarano, N. et al. [41] | 2015 | Support Care Cancer | Online and offline sources of information and support | To compare the acceptability and feasibility of using brief electronic versus paper screening | 41 patients | +++ | plastic surgery clinic | Canada | Breast Cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient expectations in consultations, Medication, and treatment adherence | 15 |
40 | Grant, R. W. et al. [44] | 2008 | Arch Intern Med | EHR-linked care program | To evaluate a patient chart information in preparation for a scheduled office visit | 244 patients with DM | +++ | primary care | USA | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education | Demographic data, Medical history, Lifestyle, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Patient awareness, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Medication and treatment adherence, Symptom control | 12 |
41 | Brackett, C., & Kearing, S [62]. | 2015 | Patient | Online and offline sources of information and support | To determine whether a brief pre-visit questionnaire can improve primary care provider | 11,493 patients | +++ | Cancer clinic | USA | Cancer | Patient education | Demographic data, Patient awareness | Patient expectations in consultations, Mental health topics, Visit length | 15 |
42 | Meropol, N. J. et al. [33] | 2013 | Cancer | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To assess the acceptability of a pre-consultation checklist for older patients | 1932 patients | +++ | Cancer clinic | USA | Cancer | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Drug side effects Symptoms, Medication | Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient expectations in consultations, Visit length | 15 |
43 | Kim-Hwang, J. E. et al. [49] | 2010 | J Gen Intern Med | EHR-linked care program | Bridging the gap about post-mastectomy breast by applying a new approach | 540 questionnaires | +++ | Primary care | USA | General | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Medication and treatment adherence, Adherence to visit scheduling | 16 |
44 | Muraywid, B. et al. [63] | 2020 | J Manag Care Spec Pharm | EHR-linked care program | To evaluate the impact of a DMSPECIFIC PHR | 700 patients | +++ | Primary care | Colombia | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Patient satisfaction, Appointment intake information, Adherence to visit scheduling, Quality of life | 9 |
45 | Vo, M. T. et al. [34] | 2019 | Journal of General Internal Medicine | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To facilitate shared decision-making by utilizing a web-based survey system before the visit. | 1276 patients | + | primary care | USA | Diabetes | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction | 19 |
46 | Baker, D. W. et al. [73] | 2011 | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association | EHR-linked care program | To develop an intervention to improve communication between patients and their physicians | 12,288 patients | +++ | Internal medicine | USA | General | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Adherence to visit scheduling, Self-care, Symptom control | 16 |
47 | Grant, Richard W, et al. [35] | 2019 | The Annals of Family Medicine | Electronic pre-office visit checklist | To improve patient values and needs. | 750 English- or Spanish-speaking patients | +++ | Primary care | Canada | General | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools | Demographic data, Medical history, Lab data, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Patient satisfaction, Appointment intake information | 17 |
48 | Harrington, J. T., & Walsh, M. B [67] | 2001 | Arthritis Care & Research: Official Journal | EHR-linked care program | To determine the impact of e-referral and pre-visit planning. | 270 patients | +++ | Rheumatology | USA | Rheumatology diseases | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Illness perceptions, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Medication and treatment adherence, Adherence to visit scheduling | 10 |
49 | Gadomski, A. M et al. [71] | 2015 | Journal of Adolescent Health | EHR-linked care program | Their objective was to improve health outcomes and reducing costs. | 72 patients | +++ | pediatric primary care | USA | Mental health | Decision aid tools, Pre-assessment tools, Patient education, Reminders | Demographic data, Medical history, Family history, Reason for referral, Symptoms, Medication | Patient-provider communication, Perceived involvement in care, Patient satisfaction, Appointment intake information, Medication adherence, Adherence to visit scheduling, Reductions in prescription costs, Mental health topics | 14 |