Association between Medicare’s Hospital Readmission Reduction Program and readmission rates across hospitals by medicare bed share

Table 1 Hospital characteristics in baseline year (2009) by Medicare bed share tertiles

	High Medicare bed share (tertile 3) hospitals		p value	Moderate Medicare bed share (tertile 2) hospitals		p value	Low Medicare bed share (tertile 1) hospitals
	(N = 634)			(N = 635)			(N = 635)
	n	(%)		n	(%)		n	(%)
Medicare share inpatient days
Mean	0.599		< 0.001	0.478		< 0.001	0.312
Standard deviation	0.05			0.04			0.08
Teaching hospital (COTH), n (%)	11	1.7	< 0.001	62	9.8	< 0.001	168	26.5
Ownership			< 0.001			< 0.001
Non-profit	425	67.0		467	73.5		395	62.2
Govt. non-fed	85	13.4		58	9.1		117	18.4
For-profit	124	19.6		110	17.3		123	19.4
Bed size			< 0.001			< 0.001
< 99	171	27.0		104	16.5		50.0	7.9
100–199	200	31.6		186	29.3		146	23.0
> =200	263	41.5		344	54.2		439	69.1
Urban/rural location			< 0.001			< 0.001
Large urban area	247	39.0		311	49.0		468	73.7
Other urban area	300	47.3		272	42.8		159	25.0
Rural area	87	13.7		52	8.2		8	1.3
Disproportionate share hospital			< 0.001			< 0.001
Low (<= 15%)	225	35.5		108	17		65	10.2
Moderate (15.1 to 35%)	360	56.8		406	63.9		272	42.8
High (35.1%+)	49	7.7		121	19.1		298	46.9
Patient case-mix (hospital average)			< 0.001			< 0.001
Low complexity tertile	183	28.9		120	18.9		76	12.0
Moderate complexity tertile	266	42.0		237	37.3		195	30.7
High complexity tertile	185	29.2		278	43.8		364	57.3
Region			< 0.001			0.814
Northeast	120	18.9		132	20.8		120	18.9
Midwest	192	30.3		161	25.4		99	15.6
South	288	45.4		254	40.0		171	26.9
West	34	5.4		88	13.9		245	38.6

1) Hospitals that appear in any of the following samples are included in the table: acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia
2) p-values are based on comparisons between high vs. low and moderate vs. low Medicare bed share hospitals; t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables
3) Hospital characteristics are in the baseline year (2009)

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