The costs of delivering emergency care at regional referral hospitals in Uganda: a micro-costing study

Werner, Kalin; Lin, Tracy Kuo; Risko, Nicholas; Osiro, Martha; Kalanzi, Joseph; Wallis, Lee

doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06197-7

BMC Health Services Research

Table 2 Resource unit costs

From: The costs of delivering emergency care at regional referral hospitals in Uganda: a micro-costing study

Items	Unit	Cost per unit (Ugandan Shilling)	Cost per unit (USD)	Source
Labour
Nursing Student (U8)	minute	22	0.01	FY 2018–19 Salary Structure [29]
Nurse (U5)	minute	79	0.02	FY 2018–19 Salary Structure [29]
Interns (U5)	minute	79	0.02	FY 2018–19 Salary Structure [29]
Medical Officer (U4- Med 1)	minute	292	0.08	FY 2018–19 Salary Structure [29]
Clinical Officer (U4- Med 2)	minute	93	0.03	FY 2018–19 Salary Structure [29]
Single use supplies
Adhesive tape	roll	39,183	10.59	Joint Medical Stores
Endotracheal tube 3MM	each	1300	0.35	National Medical Stores [24]
Alcohol swabs	each	113.53	0.03	Estimate
Antiseptic solution (iodine)	200 ml	3240	0.88	National Medical Stores [24]
Nebulizer mask	each	38,394	10.38	Joint Medical Stores
Cotton roll	500 g roll	8590	2.32	National Medical Stores [24]
Compression bandage	each	1412	0.38	National Medical Stores [24]
Non sterile gloves	pair	105.53	0.03	National Medical Stores [24]
Sterile gloves	pair	691.1	0.19	National Medical Stores [24]
Gauze dressing	90 cm × 90 m	41,346	11.17	National Medical Stores [24]
Crepe bandage 4in	roll	954	0.26	National Medical Stores [24]
Crepe bandage 6in	roll	1702	0.46	National Medical Stores [24]
Blood transfusion giving set	each	615	0.17	National Medical Stores [24]
IV giving set	each	502.93	0.14	National Medical Stores [24]
Suction catheter (FG 16)	each	361	0.10	National Medical Stores [24]
Non adhesive dressing	90 cm x91m	36,492	9.86	National Medical Stores [24]
Plaster of Paris 6in	roll	3559	0.96	National Medical Stores [24]
Plaster of Paris 8in	roll	3559	0.96	National Medical Stores [24]
Gauze roll	roll	783.75	0.21	National Medical Stores [24]
Nonrebreather mask	each	12,199	3.30	Joint Medical Stores
Lubricant (KY jelly)	42 g tube	3770	1.02	National Medical Stores [24]
NG tube size 10	each	908	0.25	National Medical Stores [24]
NG tube size 14	each	489	0.13	National Medical Stores [24]
NG tube size 16	each	454	0.12	National Medical Stores [24]
Average NG tube	each	617	0.17	National Medical Stores [24]
Tongue depressor	each	50	0.01	National Medical Stores [24]
Water for injection	10 ml vial	80	0.02	National Medical Stores [24]
Surgical blade average	each	237.81	0.06	National Medical Stores [24]
Average IV Cannula	each	366.29	0.10	National Medical Stores [24]
Average Syringe	each	232.83	0.06	National Medical Stores [24]
Reusable supplies	*Useful life years*	*Economic costs (accounting costs)*
Cervical collar	5	53.87 (49.35)	0.01 (0.01)	Joint Medical Stores
Bucket	2	13.25 (12.67)	0.004 (0.003)	Joint Medical Stores
Artery forceps	7	6.08 (6.06)	0002 (0.002)	Joint Medical Stores
Needle holder	7	4.12 (3.67)	0.001 (0.001)	Joint Medical Stores
Laryngoscope	7	42.34 (37.69)	0.01 (0.01)	Joint Medical Stores
Kidney dish	10	2.44 (2.08)	0.001 (0.001)	Joint Medical Stores
Bag valve mask	5	30.50 (27.94)	0.01 (0.01)	Joint Medical Stores
O2 cylinder	5	11.96 (10.96)	0.003 (0.003)	National Medical Stores [24]
Scalpels	5	0.07 (0.07)	0.00002 (0.00002)	National Medical Stores [24]
Scissors	10	2.75 (2.34)	0.001 (0.001)	Joint Medical Stores
O2 concentrator	10	638.22 (544.40)	0.17 (0.15)	Joint Medical Stores
Thermometer	10	1.50 (1.28)	0.0004 (0.00)	Joint Medical Stores
ECG	7	1007.41 (896.59)	0.27 (0.24)	Joint Medical Stores
Nebulizer machine	10	146.98 (125.38)	0.04 (0.03)	Joint Medical Stores
Mechanical ventilator	7	12,136.33 (10,801.34)	3.28 (2.92)	Joint Medical Stores
Stethoscope	5	13.64 (12.49)	0.004 (0.003)	Joint Medical Stores
Blood pressure cuff	2	31.03 (29.68)	0.008 (0.008)	Joint Medical Stores
IV infusion pump	10	589.03 (502.44)	0.16 (0.14)	Joint Medical Stores
Cardiac monitor	10	361 (307.74)	0.09 (0.08)	Joint Medical Stores
Glucometer	7	23.75 (21.14)	0.006 (0.01)	Joint Medical Stores
Vital signs monitor	10	361 (307.74)	0.09 (0.08)	Joint Medical Stores
Defibrillator	7	3089.85 (2749.97)	0.84 (0.74)	Joint Medical Stores
Portable ultrasound	10	8497.48 (7248.35)	2.30 (1.96)	Joint Medical Stores
Pulse Oximeter	7	767.50 (683.08)	0.21 (0.18)	Joint Medical Stores
Suction device	10	456.75 (389.61)	0.12 (0.11)	Joint Medical Stores
Medicines	*Unit*
Iodine	200 ml	3240	0.88	National Medical Stores [24]
Misoprostol	200mcg	360.08	0.10	National Medical Stores [24]
Oxytocin	10 IU	194.05	0.05	National Medical Stores [24]
Tranexamic acid	500 mg	3600	0.97	Joint Medical Stores
Diazepam	5 mg tab	4.5	0.00	National Medical Stores [24]
Hydrocortisone	100 mg	1224.32	0.33	National Medical Stores [24]
Salbutamol	2.5 ml vial	2559.8	0.69	National Medical Stores [24]
Aminophylline	250 mg/10 ml	700	0.19	National Medical Stores [24]
Atropine	1 mg/1 ml	126.62	0.03	National Medical Stores [24]
Diazepam Injection	10 mg/2 ml	296.16	0.08	National Medical Stores [24]
Diclofenac Tab	tab	9.58	0.00	National Medical Stores [24]
Diclofenac injection	75 mg/3 ml	117.72	0.03	National Medical Stores [24]
Bupivacaine	4 ml amp	5940	1.61	National Medical Stores [24]
Trap	325mcg tab	323.78	0.09	Joint Medical Stores
Zinc sulphite tablet	20 mg tablet	31.2	0.01	National Medical Stores [24]
Lidocaine injection	5 ml	2318	0.63	National Medical Stores [24]
Lignocaine injection	20 ml	3536	0.96	National Medical Stores [24]
Misoprostol tablet	200mcg	255.54	0.07	National Medical Stores [24]
Paracetamol tablets	500 mg tab	11.5	0.00	National Medical Stores [24]
Paracetamol syrup	125 mg	1363	0.37	National Medical Stores [24]
Paracetamol vial	100 ml	7233	1.95	Joint Medical Stores
Paracetamol suppository	125 mg	960	0.26	National Medical Stores [24]
Tramadol ampoule	100 mg/2 ml	897.8	0.24	National Medical Stores [24]
Tolfree	100mcg tab	348	0.09	Joint Medical Stores
Pethidine	100 mg/2 ml	2257.8	0.61	National Medical Stores [24]
Ampiclox tab	250 mg	95	0.03	National Medical Stores [24]
Ampiclox IV	250 mg	634.43	0.17	National Medical Stores [24]
Ampicillin	500 mg	376.12	0.10	National Medical Stores [24]
Aminophylline IV	250 mg/10 ml	700	0.19	Joint Medical Stores
Amoxycillin tab	tab	78	0.02	Joint Medical Stores
Amoxycillin syrup	100 ml	3765	1.02	National Medical Stores [24]
Ascoril Syrup	100 ml	5033	1.36	National Medical Stores [24]
Azithromycin tab	500 mg	614.67	0.17	National Medical Stores [24]
Cloxacillin IV	500 mg	396.88	0.11	National Medical Stores [24]
Cefotaxime	1 g	11,971	3.24	National Medical Stores [24]
Ceftriaxone	1 g	973	0.26	National Medical Stores [24]
Cefixime tabs	200 mg	1576	0.43	Joint Medical Stores
Cefixime syrup	50 mg/5 ml	1200	0.32	Joint Medical Stores
Ciprofloxacin tab	500 mg	84.79	0.02	National Medical Stores [24]
Folic Acid pill	5 mg	500	0.14	National Medical Stores [24]
Gentamycin	80 mg/2 ml	127.44	0.03	National Medical Stores [24]
Hydrocortisone	100 mg	1224.32	0.33	National Medical Stores [24]
Ibuprofen Syrup		1257	0.34	National Medical Stores [24]
Metronidazole tab	200 mg	13.5	0.00	National Medical Stores [24]
Metronidazole IV	500 mg/100 ml	794	0.21	National Medical Stores [24]
Metronidazole Suspension	100 mg	1322	0.36	National Medical Stores [24]
Penicillin	600 mg	270	0.07	National Medical Stores [24]
Phenobarbiton	30 mg tab	32.22	0.01	Joint Medical Stores
D5	250 ml	137.5	0.04	National Medical Stores [24]
D10	250 ml	1200	0.32	Joint Medical Stores
D50	100 ml	1397	0.38	National Medical Stores [24]
Dextrose	5% 500 ml	1375	0.37	National Medical Stores [24]
Fenobabitone (Phenobarbital)	200 mg/2 ml	12,100	3.27	National Medical Stores [24]
Manitol	100 ml	2800	0.76	National Medical Stores [24]
Normal saline	250 ml	1100	0.30	National Medical Stores [24]
Ringers Lactate	250 ml	1000	0.27	National Medical Stores [24]
Tranexamic acid	500 mg inj	3600	0.97	Joint Medical Stores
Diagnostic tests
Complete Blood Count		14,763	3.99	Amukele et al. [25]
Malaria test		6253	1.69	Schroeder et al. [26]
Stool		8880	2.40	Schroeder et al. [26]
Urine sample		9657	2.61	Schroeder et al. [26]
Sputum		7770	2.10	Whitelaw et al. [27]
Gene Xpert		77,700	21.00	Hsiang et al. [28]
Cross matching		9324	2.52	Schroeder et al. [26]
Typhoid test		12,543	3.39	Schroeder et al. [26]
Ultrasound		15,000	4.05	Expert estimation
X-ray		10,000	2.70	Expert estimation
CT Scan		200,000	54.05	Expert estimation

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