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Table 5 False negative rates for various indices by outcome in population groups

From: Australian Injury Comorbidity Indices (AICIs) to predict burden and readmission among hospital-admitted injury patients

Outcome

Number of patients in initial cohort

Number (%) of patients with outcome

Number (%) of patients classified as not having the outcome when likely to have using the;

outcome-specific binary index

parsimonious index

CCI

ECM

 

Adults (> = 15 years) - all injuries

At least one overnight stay

140,094

99,275 (70.9)

30,093/99273 (30.3)

30,059/99273 (30.3)

30,868/99273 (31.1)

30,008/99219 (30.2)

All-cause 30-day readmission

136,670

16,672 (12.2)

6833/16672 (41.0)

6803/16672 (40.8)

6828/16672 (41.0)

6790/16672 (40.7)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

136,670

11,150 (8.2)

4440/11150 (39.8)

4449/11150 (39.9)

4527/11150 (40.6)

4437/11150 (39.8)

 

Children (< 15 years) - all injuries

At least one overnight stay

21,240

11,062 (52.1)

3537/21194 (32.1)

3537/21194 (32.1)

3829/21238 (34.6)

3827/21189 (34.8)

All-cause 30-day readmission

21,196

1274 (6.0)

486/21179 (38.2)

487/21179 (38.2)

491/21183 (38.5)

474/21141 (37.2)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

21,196

804 (3.8)

303/21046 (37.7)

303/21056 (37.7)

303/21101 (37.7)

343/21006 (42.7)

 

Patients 65 years and above

At least one overnight stay

49,820

41,600 (83.5)

11,092/49525 (26.9)

11,163/49525 (27.0)

11,806/49820 (28.4)

11,097/49480 (26.9)

All-cause 30-day readmission

47,968

7948 (16.6)

3589/47968 (45.2)

3546/47968 (44.6)

3609/47968 (45.4)

3484 /47961 (43.8)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

47,968

5424 (11.3)

2378/47968 (43.8)

2373/47968 (43.8)

2381/47968 (43.9)

2287/47961 (42.2)

 

Adult males

At least one overnight stay

76,211

51,046 (67.0)

16,312/76109 (32.0)

16,336/76109 (32.1)

16,670/76210 (32.7)

16,334/76034 (32.1)

All-cause 30-day readmission

74,206

8359 (11.3)

3280/74205 (39.2)

3304/74205 (39.5)

3272/74205 (39.1)

3262/74205 (39.0)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

74,206

5626 (7.6)

2157/74205 (38.3)

2133/74205 (37.9)

2143/74205 (38.1)

2088/74205 (37.1)

 

Adult females

At least one overnight stay

63,883

48,229 (75.5)

14,205/63702 (29.6)

14,187/63702 (29.5)

14,594/63882 (30.3)

14,138/63675 (29.4)

All-cause 30-day readmission

62,464

8313 (13.3)

3623/62463 (43.6)

3602/62463 (43.3)

3588/62463 (43.2)

3570/62459 (42.9)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

62,464

5524 (8.8)

2351/62463 (42.6)

2292/62463 (41.5)

2346/62463 (42.5)

2301/62459 (41.7)

 

Adults with non-severe injuries

At least one overnight stay

119,916

79,942 (66.7)

26,684/119915 (33.4)

26,885/119915 (33.6)

27,455/119915 (34.3)

26,672/119889 (33.4)

All-cause 30-day readmissiona

      

Non-planned 30-day readmission

117,951

9030 (7.7)

3560/117950 (39.4)

3553/117950 (39.4)

3639/117950 (40.3)

3570/117950 (39.5)

 

Adults with intracranial injuryb

At least one overnight stay

5456

4093 (75.0)

883/5190 (23.1)

886/5190 (23.2)

915/5456 (22.4)

882/5136 (23.4)

All-cause 30-day readmission

5026

633 (12.6)

235/5026 (37.1)

237/5026 (37.4)

236/5026 (37.3)

231/5026 (36.5)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

5026

492 (9.8)

184/5026 (37.4)

180/5026 (36.6)

181/5026 (36.8)

188/5018 (38.2)

 

Patients with hip fractures 45 years and abovec

At least one overnight stay

161,334

110,337 (68.4)

36,536/161332 (33.1)

36,714/161332 (33.3)

37,331/161332 (33.8)

36,497/161277 (33.1)

All-cause 30-day readmission

7400

1115 (15.1)

452/7400 (40.5)

519/7400 (46.6)

491/7400 (44.0)

464/7394 (41.6)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

7400

818 (11.1)

382/7400 (46.7)

393/7400 (48.0)

306/7400 (37.4)

344/7394 (42.1)

 

Adults with blunt traumad

At least one overnight stay

94,698

71,004 (75.0)

19,844/94629 (28.0)

19,924/94629 (28.1)

20,331/94696 (28.6)

19,973/94545 (28.2)

All-cause 30-day readmission

92,217

12,169 (13.2)

5174/92204 (42.5)

5210/92204 (42.8)

5201/92204 (42.7)

5069/ 92,204 (41.7)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

92,217

8313 (9.0)

3441/92204 (41.4)

3423/92204 (41.2)

3451/92204 (41.5)

3380/92177 (40.7)

 

Adults with penetrating traumae

At least one overnight stay

13,313

7937 (59.6)

3165/13262 (40.1)

3161/13262 (40.1)

3245/13313 (40.9)

3143/13256 (39.9)

All-cause 30-day readmission

13,075

1058 (8.1)

460/13071 (43.5)

466/13071 (44.1)

461/13071 (43.6)

456/13045 (43.2)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

13,075

651 (5.0)

270/13058 (41.5)

270/13059 (41.5)

291/13059 (44.7)

275/13017 (42.2)

 

NSW validation (age > =15 years)

At least one overnight stay

201,791

146,177 (72.4)

46,323/146176 (31.7)

46,336/146176 (31.7)

46,670/146176 (31.9)

46,102/146176 (31.5)

All-cause 30-day readmission

193,522

28,237 (14.6)

11,911/28237 (42.2)

11,815/28237 (41.8)

11,956/28237 (42.3)

11,999/28237 (42.5)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

193,522

15,988 (8.3)

6209/15988 (38.8)

6269/15988 (39.2)

6321/15988 (39.5)

6308/15988 (39.5)

 

WA validation (age > =15 years)

At least one overnight stay

71,771

51,296 (71.5)

17,114/51296 (33.4)

17,181/51296 (33.5)

17,409/51296 (33.9)

17,072/51296 (33.3)

All-cause 30-day readmission

69,164

9132 (13.2)

3592/9132 (39.3)

3662/9132 (40.1)

3647/ 9132 (39.9)

3623/9132 (39.7)

Non-planned 30-day readmission

69,164

5684 (8.2)

2093/5684 (36.8)

2098/5684 (36.9)

2162/5684 (38.0)

2081/5684 (36.6)

  1. Notes
  2. Cut-off for classification tables set to maximise sensitivity and specificity
  3. a. Injury severity was not found to be associated with all-cause 30-day readmission, therefore no validation was carried out in this subgroup
  4. b. Intracranial injury = ICD-10-AM codes S06.00 - S06.9
  5. c. Hip fractures = ICD-10 codes S72.0 - S72.2
  6. d. Blunt trauma = ICD-10 codes V00-V99, W00-W19, W20-W24, W30-W31, W50-W52, X50, X79-X82, Y00-Y05 and Y29-Y32
  7. e. Penetrating trauma = ICD-10 codes W53, W54, W55, W57, W58, W59, W25, W26, W27, W28, W29, W45, W32, W34, X72-X74, X78, X93-X95, X99, Y22-Y24 andY28