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Table 1 Characteristics of the Victorian, NSW and WA study populations

From: Australian Injury Comorbidity Indices (AICIs) to predict burden and readmission among hospital-admitted injury patients

 

Patients admitteda between July 2012 and June 2014, n (%)

Victoria

NSW

WA

n

%

At least one comorbidity (%)

Count of comorbidities, mean (95% CI)

n

%

At least one comorbidity (%)

Count of comorbidities, mean (95% CI)

n

%

At least one comorbidity (%)

Count of comorbidities, mean (95% CI)

Total patients

161,334

233,521

84,877

Age group (years)

 0–14 years

21,240

13.2

1.4

0.01 (0.01–0.02)

31,730

13.6

1.5

0.02 (0.01–0.02)

13,106

15.4

1.9

0.02 (0.02–0.02)

 15–24 years

23,213

14.4

9.9

0.12 (0.11–0.12)

33,888

14.5

11.0

0.13 (0.13–0.14)

13,676

16.1

15.3

0.18 (0.17–0.19)

 25–44 years

36,262

22.5

13.0

0.16 (0.16–0.17)

51,737

22.2

13.5

0.17 (0.17–0.18)

22,617

26.6

18.6

0.23 (0.22–0.23)

 45–64 years

30,799

19.1

19.3

0.25 (0.25–0.26)

44,501

19.1

18.3

0.25 (0.24–0.26)

16,344

19.3

21.6

0.29 (0.28–0.30)

 65–84 years

31,390

19.5

35.9

0.54 (0.53–0.54)

44,948

19.2

33.2

0.51 (0.50–0.52)

12,598

14.8

36.0

0.55 (0.54–0.57)

 85 and over

18,430

11.4

40.0

0.62 (0.60–0.63)

26,717

11.4

38.2

0.60 (0.59–0.62)

6536

7.7

41.5

0.64 (0.62–0.66)

Sex

 Maleb

89,144

55.3

16.8

0.24 (0.23–0.24)

131,598

56.4

16.2

0.23 (0.23–0.24)

49,994

58.9

18.0

0.24 (0.24–0.25)

 Female

72,190

44.7

23.5

0.33 (0.33–0.34)

101,923

43.6

22.7

0.33 (0.32–0.33)

34,883

41.1

24.0

0.33 (0.32–0.34)

Injury severityc

 Serious injury (ICISS< 0.941)

20,884

12.9

40.6

0.64 (0.63–0.65)

30,265

13.0

35.5

0.57 (0.56–0.59)

9566

11.3

38.3

0.60 (0.58–0.62)

 Other injury (ICISS> = 0.941)

140,450

87.1

16.7

0.22 (0.22–0.23)

203,256

87.0

16.6

0.23 (0.23–0.23)

75,311

88.7

18.2

0.24 (0.23–0.24)

Grouped body region

 Head/face/neck

32,052

19.9

19.2

0.26 (0.25–0.27)

48,159

20.6

20.7

0.29 (0.28–0.29)

18,350

21.6

23.7

0.31 (0.30–0.32)

 Trunk

20,730

12.8

25.0

0.36 (0.35–0.37)

29,199

12.5

23.1

0.34 (0.33–0.35)

9835

11.6

23.5

0.34 (0.33–0.35)

 Upper extremity

54,549

33.8

9.8

0.12 (0.12–0.13)

77,389

33.1

9.4

0.12 (0.12–0.13)

27,833

32.8

10.9

0.14 (0.13–0.14)

 Lower extremity

41,528

25.7

22.8

0.34 (0.33–0.35)

57,954

24.8

19.6

0.30 (0.30–0.31)

20,678

24.4

20.9

0.31 (0.30–0.32)

 Multiple body regions

53

0.0

18.9

0.25 (0.09–0.40)

170

0.1

18.8

0.26 (0.17–0.35)

51

0.1

25.5

0.31 (0.15–0.47)

 Unspecified body region

585

0.4

22.6

0.31 (0.26–0.37)

1247

0.5

22.3

0.34 (0.30–0.38)

376

0.4

22.1

0.30 (0.23–0.36)

 Body region not relevant

11,837

7.3

47.7

0.66 (0.65–0.68)

19,403

8.3

45.5

0.65 (0.64–0.66)

7754

9.1

41.6

0.56 (0.55–0.58)

Grouped injury type (First occurring)

 Superficial injury

8055

5.0

23.8

0.34 (0.32–0.35)

14,875

6.4

22.6

0.33 (0.32–0.34)

4659

5.5

27.7

0.37 (0.35–0.39)

 Open wound

22,398

13.9

14.8

0.19 (0.18–0.20)

35,691

15.3

16.9

0.23 (0.22–0.23)

12,623

14.9

20.6

0.27 (0.26–0.28)

 Fracture

66,686

41.3

19.6

0.29 (0.28–0.29)

94,258

40.4

17.3

0.26 (0.26–0.27)

30,714

36.2

18.5

0.27 (0.26–0.27)

 Dislocation, sprain & strain

10,989

6.8

8.2

0.10 (0.10–0.11)

13,330

5.7

6.6

0.09 (0.08–0.09)

6755

8.0

7.5

0.09 (0.08–0.10)

 Injury to nerves & spinal cord

2038

1.3

10.4

0.13 (0.11–0.14)

2559

1.1

8.6

0.11 (0.10–0.13)

1147

1.4

11.1

0.14 (0.11–0.16)

 Injury to blood vessels

1347

0.8

11.5

0.15 (0.12–0.17)

1096

0.5

15.0

0.19 (0.16–0.22)

650

0.8

18.5

0.23 (0.19–0.28)

 Injury to muscle & tendon

8451

5.2

9.1

0.11 (0.10–0.12)

10,921

4.7

6.7

0.08 (0.08–0.09)

5423

6.4

10.1

0.12 (0.11–0.13)

 Crushing injury

335

0.2

3.3

0.04 (0.01–0.06)

469

0.2

3.4

0.04 (0.02–0.06)

166

0.2

4.2

0.05 (0.01–0.08)

 Traumatic amputation

1612

1.0

7.3

0.08 (0.07–0.10)

1622

0.7

6.8

0.08 (0.06–0.10)

747

0.9

7.9

0.09 (0.07–0.11)

 Eye injury- excluding foreign body

512

0.3

16.4

0.22 (0.17–0.27)

919

0.4

17.3

0.22 (0.19–0.26)

308

0.4

19.5

0.23 (0.17–0.28)

 Intracranial injury

6416

4.0

29.4

0.43 (0.41–0.45)

9355

4.0

28.1

0.42 (0.41–0.44)

3385

4.0

30.6

0.44 (0.41–0.47)

 Injury to internal organs

1762

1.1

23.5

0.32 (0.29–0.35)

2198

0.9

22.5

0.32 (0.29–0.35)

1066

1.3

23.7

0.34 (0.29–0.38)

 Foreign body

2733

1.7

11.3

0.15 (0.13–0.16)

3947

1.7

9.2

0.12 (0.10–0.13)

1486

1.8

9.6

0.12 (0.10–0.14)

 Burns

1879

1.2

15.1

0.21 (0.18–0.23)

3244

1.4

8.8

0.12 (0.10–0.14)

1660

2.0

14.3

0.20 (0.17–0.22)

 Other and unspecified injury

14,284

8.9

19.8

0.27 (0.26–0.28)

19,634

8.4

19.6

0.28 (0.27–0.29)

6334

7.5

22.8

0.30 (0.29–0.32)

 Systemic-poisoning/toxic effects

10,536

6.5

49.5

0.68 (0.67–0.70)

17,162

7.3

47.8

0.67 (0.66–0.68)

6866

8.1

43.5

0.59 (0.57–0.60)

 Other effects of external cause/complication

1301

0.8

32.5

0.54 (0.48–0.59)

2241

1.0

28.2

0.47 (0.43–0.50)

888

1.0

26.7

0.40 (0.35–0.45)

Geographic region

 Metropolitan Area

118,959

73.7

19.8

0.28 (0.27–0.28)

158,595

67.9

18.9

0.28 (0.27–0.28)

60,151

70.9

19.7

0.27 (0.27–0.28)

 Regional Area

42,375

26.3

19.8

0.28 (0.27–0.29)

74,918

32.1

19.2

0.27 (0.26–0.27)

24,405

28.8

22.1

0.29 (0.28–0.30)

 Unknown

    

8

0.0

*

0.25 (−0.07–0.57)

321

0.4

34.6

0.42 (0.35–0.50)

 All-cause readmissionsd

17,946

11.4

18.0

0.46 (0.45–0.47)

30,922

13.7

25.1

0.38 (0.37–0.39)

9930

12.1

30.6

0.45 (0.43–0.47)

 Non-planned readmissionsd

11,954

7.6

12.7

0.50 (0.48–0.51)

17,362

7.7

30.8

0.47 (0.46–0.49)

6130

7.5

36.1

0.53 (0.51–0.55)

 LOS (median, IQR)

1 (1–3)

 

4 (1–17)

0.28 (0.27–0.28)

1 (1–4)

 

4 (1–15)

0.27 (0.27–0.28)

1 (1–3)

 

2 (1–10)

0.28 (0.27–0.28)

 Overnight stay

110,337

68.4

24.7

0.36 (0.35–0.36)

165,056

70.7

23.3

0.34 (0.34–0.35)

58,886

69.4

22.9

0.33 (0.32–0.33)

 Cost (mean, 95% CI)e

7457.3 (7370.1–7544.5)

14,157.5 (13,876.8–14,438.2)

        
  1. Notes: Small cell counts (frequency <5), and/or proportions resulting from them are represented by "*" to maintain confidentiality
  2. a. Index injury admissions to all public and private hospitals, limited to residents within the relevant state
  3. b. Intersex/intermediate/unstated sex patient counts less than 5 added to the majority sex group to protect confidentiality
  4. c. Worst injury method-ICD-based Injury Severity Score less than or equal to 0.941 considered as serious injury
  5. d. Based on 157,866 patients for Victoria, 225,047 for NSW and 82,212 for WA (excludes patients who died or left against medical advice)
  6. e. Based on 123,207 patients with complete cost data