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Table 2 Descriptive Characteristics of currently married women with most recent birth in Nigeria, Guinea, Mali, Zambia (DHS 2018)

From: Examining barriers to healthcare access and utilization of antenatal care services: evidence from demographic health surveys in sub-Saharan Africa

Variable

Nigeria

(N=6761)

Mali

(N=1973)

Guinea

(N=1690)

Zambia

(N=1570)

n(%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Demographic

 Number of antenatal visits

  <  8

5555(82.2)

1903(96.5)

1642(97.2)

1547(98.5)

  ≥ 8

1206(17.8)

69(3.5)

48(2.8)

23(1.5)

Time of first antenatal visit

  ≤ 3 months of gestation

1188(17.6)

701(35.5)

445(26.3)

604(38.5)

  >  3 months of gestation

5573(82.4)

1272(64.5)

1245(73.6)

966(61.5)

Age at child birth (years)

  < 19

614(9.1)

246(12.5)

233(13.8)

171(10.9)

  20–24

1530(22.6)

498(25.2)

357(21.1)

420(37.6)

  25–29

1966(29.1)

516(26.2)

461(27.3)

371(23.6)

  30–34

1402(20.7)

362(18.4)

314(18.6)

307(19.5)

  35–39

848(12.5)

254(12.9)

211(12.5)

211(13.4)

  ≥40

399(5.9)

97(4.9)

114(6.8)

90(5.8)

Place of residence

  Urban

2511(37.1)

391(19.8)

432(25.6)

513(32.7)

  Rural

4250(62.9)

1582(80.2)

1258(74.4)

1057(67.4)

Religion

  Christians

2298(34.0)

62(3.1)

158(9.3)

1531(97.5)

  Muslims

4424(65.4)

1827(92.6)

1502(88.9)

13(0.8)

  Others

40(0.6)

84(4.3)

30(1.8)

26(1.7)

Birth order

  1–2

2384(35.3)

643(32.6)

573(33.9)

598(38.1)

  3–4

1946(28.8)

578(29.3)

565(33.4)

460(29.3)

  ≥5

2430(36.0)

753(38.1)

552(33.7)

511(32.6)

Pregnancy wanted

  No (later/no more)

764(11.3)

347(17.6)

272(16.1)

557(35.5)

  Yes

5997(88.7)

1626(82.4)

1418(83.9)

1013(64.5)

Polygyny

  Monogamous

4728(69.9)

1303(66.1)

1038(61.4)

1397(89.0)

  Polygamous as first wife

743(11.0)

254(12.9)

220(13.0)

69(4.4)

  Polygamous as 2nd or more

1290(19.1)

416(21.0)

433(25.6)

104(6.6)

Wealth quintiles

  Poorest

1440(21.3)

417(21.2)

451(26.7)

405(25.8)

  Poorer

1563(23.1)

432(21.9)

379(22.5)

377(24.0)

  Middle

1434(21.2)

424(21.5)

337(19.9)

301(19.2)

  Richer

1250(18.5)

360(18.3)

318(18.8)

227(14.5)

  Richest

1074(15.9)

339(17.2)

205(12.1)

260(16.5)

Covered by health insurance

  No

6624 (98.0)

1875(95.0)

1673(99.0)

1537(97.9)

  Yes

137 (2.0)

98(5.0)

17(1.0)

33.2(2.1)

Husband level of education

  No education

2515(37.2)

1396(70.8)

1254(74.2)

103(6.6)

  Primary

871(12.9)

218(11.1)

114(6.8)

583(37.2)

  Secondary

2311(34.2)

265(13.4)

210(12.4)

749(47.5)

  Higher

1063(15.7)

94(4.8)

111(6.6)

138(8.8)

Difference in age between husband and wife

  Wife older or same age

104(1.5)

34(1.7)

25(1.5)

77(4.9)

  Husband 1–5 years older

1627(24.1)

417(21.1)

273(16.2)

849(54.1)

  Husband 6–10 years older

2445(36.2)

663(33.6)

530(31.3)

480(30.6)

  Husband >  10 years older

2585(38.2)

860(43.6)

862(51.0)

164(10.5)