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Table 3 Healthcare use and costs among patients with diagnosed HCU, elevated tHcy without HCU, and PKU

From: Prevalence, characteristics, and costs of diagnosed homocystinuria, elevated homocysteine, and phenylketonuria in the United States: a retrospective claims-based comparison

 

Strictly-defined HCUa

Broadly-defined HCUb

Elevated tHcyc

PKUd

N = 2450

N = 6613

N = 2017

N = 5120

N (%) or Mean (SD)

Median

N (%) or Mean (SD)

Median

N (%) or Mean (SD)

Median

N (%) or Mean (SD)

Median

Months of follow-up

23.5 (16.4)*^

19.0

12.7 (13.4)*^

9.2

14.5 (14.5)*

9.4

26.4 (22.1)

19.9

Inpatient (IP) admissions

 Patients with > 1 IP admission

444 (18.1%)*

–

892 (13.5%)^

–

393 (19.5%)*

–

630 (12.3%)

–

 Number of IP admissions PPPMe

0.01 (0.06)^

0.0

0.04 (0.49)*

0.0

0.03 (0.17)*

0.0

0.01 (0.08)

0.0

 Total days of hospitalization PPPM

0.07 (0.42)^

0.0

0.17 (1.70)*

0.0

0.22 (1.35)*

0.0

0.08 (0.68)

0.0

 IP costs PPPM

$385 ($2937)^

$0

$1191 ($26,270)*

$0

$605 ($2534)

$0

$407 ($4564)

$0

Emergency room (ER) visits

 Patients with > 1 ER visit

754 (30.8%)

–

1349 (20.4%)*^

–

570 (28.3%)*

–

1576 (30.8%)

–

 Number of ER visits PPPM

0.04 (0.13)^

0.0

0.05 (0.29)*

0.0

0.06 (0.17)*

0.0

0.04 (0.27)

0.0

 ER costs PPPM

$66 ($277)*

$0

$85 ($514)*

$0

$80 ($350)*

$0

$39 ($178)

$0

Outpatient (OP) office visits

 Patients with > 1 OP office visit

2422 (98.9%)*^

–

6354 (96.1%)*^

–

1840 (91.2%)*

–

4865 (95.0%)

–

 Number of OP office visits PPPM

0.81 (0.69)*^

0.6

0.97 (1.23)*^

0.7

0.89 (1.84)*

0.6

0.65 (1.56)

0.4

 OP office visit costs PPPM

$90 ($103)

$66

$113 ($175)*^

$70

$87 ($109)

$60

$89 ($202)

$52

Lab tests

 Patients with > 1 OP lab test

2301 (93.9%)*

–

5329 (80.6%)*^

–

1905 (94.4%)*

–

4469 (87.3%)

–

 Number of OP lab tests PPPM

2.2 (3.2)*^

1.4

2.4 (5.5)*^

1.2

5.3 (19.6)*

2.5

1.2 (3.6)

0.4

 OP lab test costs PPPM

$73 ($198)*

$28

$84 ($333)*

$20

$92 ($457)*

$32

$47 ($176)

$8

Other OP visits

 Patients with > 1 other OP visit

2413 (98.5%)*^

–

6061 (91.7%)*^

–

1927 (95.5%)

–

4868 (95.1%)

–

 Number of other OP visits PPPM

1.4 (1.9)*^

0.9

1.5 (2.3)*^

0.8

1.8 (3.6)*

0.9

1.0 (4.8)

0.5

 Other OP costs PPPM

$647 ($2464)*

$190

$751 ($3079)*

$155

$709 ($1984)+

$150

$477 ($3838)

$81

OP prescriptions

 Patients with > 1 OP prescription

2345 (95.7%)*^

–

5893 (89.1%)*^

–

1850 (91.7%)*

 

4147 (81.0%)

–

 Number of OP prescriptions PPPM

2.5 (2.2)*^

1.9

2.5 (3.1)*^

1.8

2.8 (2.8)*

2.1

1.0 (2.4)

0.4

 OP prescription costs PPPM

$366 ($1016)*

$107

$347 ($1214)*

$76

$313 ($746)*

$80

$1063 ($4186)

$12

Total medical costsfPPPM

$1262 ($4353)^

$385

$2224 ($26,689)*

$358

$1573 ($3804)*

$369

$1060 ($6777)

$243

Total healthcare costsgPPPM

$1629 ($4753)*

$614

$2570 ($26,758)

$576

$1886 ($3969)

$579

$2123 ($7987)

$365

  1. a > 2 HCU diagnoses, including > 1 ICD-10 diagnosis; b > 1 ICD-10 HCU diagnosis; c tHcy lab result > 20 μmol/L; d > 1 ICD-9 or ICD-10 PKU diagnosis; e Mean (SD) and median number of services and costs calculated among all patients, including those who did and did not have > 1 of that healthcare service during follow-up; f All IP and OP medical services (not including outpatient prescriptions); g Medical + outpatient prescriptions; *significantly different from PKU, p < 0.05; ^significantly different from elevated tHcy, p < 0.05; SD standard deviation, PPPM per patient per month
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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