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Table 2 Service description in the included studies

From: Cost-effectiveness of pain management services for chronic low back pain: a systematic review of published studies

Study ID

Staff delivering the intervention

Intervention description

Number of hours/day and duration

Notes

Skouen 2002 [19] Norway

PT Nurse Psychologist (if necessary)

Light intervention: Assessment, a lecture, three individual sessions and individually-based graded exercise.

Assessment (1–2 h) Lecture (1 h)

Total for individual sessions (45 min)

Some people were offered visits to an external PT, local National Health Insurance and workplace visits.

Extensive intervention: Educational sessions, exercises and (occasional) workplace intervention

6 h, 5 days a week for 4 weeks.

Rivero-Arias 2005 [22] United Kingdom

PT and clinical psychologist

Education Exercises and hydrotherapy

5 days a week for 3 weeks The total hours were 60–110 (75 h on average)

One of the centres did not have a psychologist or hydrotherapy sessions.

Smeets 2009 [21] Netherlands

PT Clinical psychologist social worker

Physiotherapy Graded activity with problem-solving training

Physiotherapy: 105 min three times a week for 10 weeks Graded activity: 19 sessions starting from 3rd week.

 

Lambeek 2010 [20] Netherlands

OT physician PT OT medical specialist

Workplace intervention Graded activity

Graded activity (26 sessions) for 3 months or until RTW

Coordinated

Johnsen 2014 [18] Norway

PT Specialist in physical medicine

Lectures and individual discussions Daily workout

60 h over 3–5 weeks

Nurse, psychologist or social worker as needed

  1. PT Physiotherapist, OT Occupational therapist