First author, year, country | Study design | Type of surgery | Sample size | SSI Outcome | SSI rate | Compliance rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bull, 2011, Australia [34] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: NR Cohort: 142 | Baseline: NR Cohort: 10 | Baseline: 15% Cohort: 7% | Baseline: 5,3% (global) Cohort: 21,1% (global) |
Cameron, 2015, UKc [35] | Cohort (before/after) | Gastrointestinal surgery | Baseline: 58 Cohort: 73 | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: 31% (global) Cohort: 73% (global) |
Cima, 2013, US [36] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 531 Cohort: 198 | Baseline: 52 Cohort: 8 | Baseline: 9.8% Cohort: 4% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Connolly, 2016, US [37] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 379 Cohort: 328 | Baseline: 122 Cohort: 27 | Baseline: 32.2% Cohort: 8.2% | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Crolla, 2012, Netherlands [38] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 349 Cohort: 377 | Baseline: 85 Cohort: 61 | Baseline: 21.6% Cohort: 16.2% | Baseline: 10% (global) Cohort: 80% (global) |
DeHaas, 2016, US [39] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 277 Cohort: 254 | Baseline: 49a Cohort: 13a | Baseline: 17.58% Cohort: 5.11% | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Elia-Guedea, 2017, Spain [40] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 70 Cohort: 79 | Baseline: 22 Cohort: 11 | Baseline: 31.4% Cohort: 13.9% | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Forbes, 2008, Canadac [41] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal or hepatobiliary surgery | Baseline: 105 Cohort: 103 | Baseline: 15a (superficial) Cohort: 9a (superficial) | Baseline: 14.3% (superficial) Cohort: 8.7% (superficial) | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Frenette, 2016, Canada [42] | Cohort (before/after) | Hepatobiliary Surgery, Solid Organ Transplantation (liver, kidney, pancreas) | Baseline: 453 Cohort: 971 | Baseline: 79 Cohort: 80 | Baseline: 17.4% Cohort: 8.2% | Baseline: 45.1% (global) Cohort: 60.3% (global) |
Garcell, 2017, Qatarc [43] | Cohort | Appendix surgery | Baseline: 59 Cohort: 300 | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Geubbels, 2004, Netherlands [44] | Cohort (before/after) | Appendix surgery | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: 14.9% Cohort: 3.6% | Baseline: NR Cohort: 81% (individual measure) |
Grant, 2018 (Epub 2017), US c [45] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 401 Cohort: 763 | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Hechenbleikner, 2015, US [46] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: Cohort: 387 | Baseline: Cohort: 71 | Baseline: 22.4% Cohort: 18.9% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Hedrick, 2007, US [47] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 175 Cohort: 132 | Baseline: 45 Cohort: 21 | Baseline: 25.6% Cohort: 15.9% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Hedrick, 2007, US [48] | Cohort (before/after) | Intra-Abdominal Surgery | Baseline: 379 Cohort: 390 | Baseline: 35a Cohort: 22a | Baseline: 9.2% Cohort: 5.6% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Hewitt, 2017, US [49] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 489 Cohort: 212 | Baseline: 68 Cohort: 10 | Baseline: 13.9% Cohort: 4.7% | Baseline: NR Cohort: 80% (global) |
Kao, 2010, US [50] | Cohort (controlled staggered before/after) | Colorectal surgery, abdominal hysterectomies, and abdominal vascular operations | Baseline: 91a Cohort: 62a | Baseline: 4a Cohort: 2a | Baseline: 4.4%a (colorectal) Cohort: 3.2%a (colorectal) | Baseline: NR (graphical only) Cohort: 63.7% (global) |
Keenan, 2014, US [51] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 212 Cohort: 212 | Baseline: 55a Cohort: 18a | Baseline: 25.9%a Cohort: 8.5%a | Baseline: NR Cohort: only for individual measures (narrative) |
Keenan, 2015, US [52] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 337 Cohort: 285 | Baseline: 116a Cohort: 26a | Baseline: 34.4%a Cohort: 9.1%a | Baseline: NR Cohort: only for individual measures |
Kilan, 2017, Saudi Arabia [53] | Cohort (before/after) | Gastrointestinal surgery | Baseline: 55 Cohort: 214 | Baseline: 5 Cohort: 11 | Baseline: 9.1% Cohort: 5.1% | Baseline: 47.3% (global) Cohort: 82.2% (global) |
Knox, 2016, Australiac [54] | Cohort (before/after) | Abdominal general surgery | Baseline: 100 Cohort: 100 | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: 18% (global) Cohort: 15% (global) |
Larochelle, 2011, USc [55] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: NR Cohort: 706 | Baseline: NR Cohort: 87 | Baseline: NR Cohort: 12.3% | Baseline: NR Cohort: only for individual measures |
Lavu, 2012, US [56] | Cohort (before/after) | Pancreatic surgery | Baseline: 233 Cohort: 233 | Baseline: 35 Cohort: 18 | Baseline: 15.0% Cohort: 7.7% | Baseline: NR Cohort: narrative only (global) |
Liau, 2010, Singapore [57] | Cohort (before/after) | Gastrointestinal and hernia surgery | Baseline: 1065a Cohort: 2408 | Baseline: 33a Cohort: 12 | Baseline: 3.1% Cohort: 0.5% | Baseline: NR Cohort: only for individual measures |
Losh, 2017, USc [58] | Cohort (before/after) | General, orthopedic, colorectal, oncological, OB/GYN, neurosurgery and urology surgical subspecialties | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: 6.9%b Cohort: 1.6%b | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Lutfiyya, 2012, US [59] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 430 Cohort: 195 | Baseline: 91 Cohort: 13 | Baseline: 21.16% Cohort: 6.67% | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Mammo, 2016, USc [60] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 273 Cohort: 212 | Baseline: 5a (deep) Cohort: 0 (deep) | Baseline: 1.8% (deep) Cohort: 0% (deep) | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Misteli, 2012, Switzerland [61] | Cohort (before/after) | Vascular, visceral, and trauma surgery (Subgroup: Cholecystectomy and Colon Surgery) | Baseline: 483 Cohort: 257 | Baseline: 44 Cohort: 25 | Baseline: 9.1% Cohort: 9.7%a | Baseline: 41% (individual measure) Cohort: 56% (individual measure) |
Nordin, 2018 (Epub 2017), US [62] | Cohort (before/after) | Pediatric gastrointestinal surgery | Baseline: NR Cohort: 1595 | Baseline: NR Cohort: 75a | Baseline: 7.1% Cohort: 4.7% | Baseline: 43% (global) Cohort: 80% (global) |
Pastor, 2010, US [63] | Cohort (early and late implementation period) | Colorectal Surgery | Baseline: 238 Cohort: 235 | Baseline: 45 Cohort: 49 | Baseline: 18.9% Cohort: 19.4% | Baseline: 30% (global) Cohort: 50% (global) |
Pérez-Blanco, 2015, Spain [64] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 218 Cohort: 124 | Baseline: 60 Cohort: 21 | Baseline: 27.5% Cohort: 16.9% | Baseline: 62.6% (global) Cohort: 81,1% (global) |
Reames, 2015, US c [65] | Cohort (before/after) | Abdominal general surgery | Baseline:14,005 Cohort: 14,801 | Baseline: 449a (superficial) Cohort: 474a (superficial) | Baseline: 3.2% (superficial) Cohort: 3.2% (superficial) | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Tanner, 2016, UK [66] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 127 Cohort: 166 | Baseline: 31 Cohort: 46 | Baseline: 24% Cohort: 28% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: 19% (global) |
Tillman, 2013, US [67] | Cohort (before/after) | Cardiac surgery, colorectal surgery, general surgery (non-colorectal non-vascular), gynecologic surgery, orthopedic surgery, thoracic surgery, and vascular surgery | Baseline: 79 Cohort: 104 | Baseline: 19 Cohort: 12 | Baseline: 24.1% (colorectal) Cohort: 11.5% (colorectal) | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Vogel, 2010, Germany [68] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 332 Cohort: 341 | Baseline: 26 Cohort: 12 | Baseline: 7.8% Cohort: 3.5% | Baseline: NR Cohort: narrative only (global) |
Vu, 2018 (Epub 2017), US [69] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR | Baseline: 6.7% Cohort: 3.9% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Waters, 2017, US [70] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 2408 Cohort: 2873 | Baseline: 193a Cohort: 172a | Baseline: 8% Cohort: 6% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Wick, 2012, US [71] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 278 Cohort: 324 | Baseline: 76 Cohort: 59 | Baseline: 27.3% Cohort: 18.2% | Baseline: only for individual measures Cohort: only for individual measures |
Wick, 2015, US [72] | Cohort (before/after) | Colorectal surgery | Baseline: 310 Cohort: 330 | Baseline: 59a Cohort: 24a | Baseline: 18.8% Cohort: 7.3% | Baseline: NR Cohort: NR |
Willis, 2016, US [73] | Cohort (before/after) | Appendix surgery (Pediatric Complicated Appendicitis) | Baseline: 191 Cohort: 122 | Baseline: 50a Cohort: 14a | Baseline: 26.2%a Cohort: 11.4%a | Baseline: NR Cohort: 87.5% (global) |