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Table 1 Safety-net hospitala and non-safety-net hospital population summary statisticsb

From: Disparities in length of stay for hip fracture treatment between patients treated in safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals

Demographics

Full Sample

SNHc

NSNHd

p-valuee

(a)

(b)

Difference a & b

Age (years)

 0–17

0.40%

0.59%

0.31%

0.000

 18–29

0.66%

1.08%

0.45%

0.000

 30–49

1.91%

2.88%

1.43%

0.000

 50–69

15.23%

17.19%

14.25%

0.000

 70 and over

81.80%

78.26%

83.57%

0.000

Gender

 Female

69.63%

67.55%

70.67%

0.000

 Male

30.37%

32.45%

29.33%

0.000

Race

 Black/African American

4.77%

9.02%

2.64%

0.000

 White

82.64%

70.18%

88.86%

0.000

 Other

12.60%

20.80%

8.50%

0.000

Ethnicity

 Spanish/Hispanic

4.96%

9.01%

2.94%

0.000

 Not Spanish/Hispanic

91.71%

85.19%

94.96%

0.000

 Multiple ethnicities

0.11%

0.18%

0.08%

0.001

 Other/unknown

3.22%

5.61%

2.02%

0.000

Clinical Indicator

 Length of stay (LOS) (Days)

6.68

7.37

6.34

0.000

Type of Admission

 Emergency, trauma, urgent

96.27%

96.17%

96.33%

0.383

 Otherf

3.73%

3.83%

3.67%

0.383

APR-DRG severity of Illness

 Minor

32.68%

30.96%

33.54%

0.000

 Moderate

42.98%

43.61%

42.67%

0.050

 Major

18.63%

19.46%

18.21%

0.001

 Extreme

5.71%

5.97%

5.58%

0.078

APR-DRG risk of mortality

 Minor

32.15%

33.71%

31.38%

0.000

 Moderate

40.37%

39.28%

40.91%

0.001

 Major

21.85%

21.45%

22.05%

0.127

 Extreme

5.63%

5.57%

5.66%

0.667

Hospital Indicators

 Safety-net hospital status

  Yes

33.32%

   

  No

66.68%

   

Health insurance type

 Commercialg

7.05%

6.06%

7.54%

0.000

 Medicaid

4.35%

7.71%

2.67%

0.000

 Medicare

68.04%

54.77%

74.67%

0.000

 Dual Eligible (Medicaid/Medicare)

17.01%

26.22%

12.40%

0.000

 Self-pay

0.86%

1.80%

0.40%

0.000

 Other/unknownh

2.69%

3.43%

2.32%

0.000

Disposition

 Expired

2.53%

2.47%

2.56%

0.548

 Homei

15.72%

18.21%

14.48%

0.000

 Inpatient rehabilitation facility

15.07%

18.19%

13.51%

0.000

 Nursing home/long term carej

0.64%

0.32%

0.79%

0.000

 Skilled nursing facility

61.92%

56.33%

64.72%

0.000

 Otherk

4.12%

4.48%

3.94%

0.004

N

48,948

16,310

32,638

 
  1. Note. a. safety-net hospital is defined as a hospital where at least 30% of the hospital's payer mix consists of Medicaid and uninsured payers. b. illustrated summary statistics are based on a sample of hip fracture patients from the SPARCS database with full covariate information. c. safety-net hospital. d. non-safety-net hospital. e. p-values from Chi-Square test or t-test examining differences between SNH and NSNH; unequal variances were adjusted for as needed. f. other admission types include: elective, newborn, and not available. g. commercial insurance includes: Blue Cross/Blue Shield; managed care, unspecific; and private health insurance. h. other insurance represents: Department of Corrections; federal/state/local/VA; miscellaneous/other; and unknown. i. patient discharged to: home or self-care; home with home health service; hospice (home); or left against medical advice. j. Medicaid Certified Nursing Home; Medicare Certified Long Term Care facility. k. patient discharged to: another facility not listed; cancer center or children’s hospital; court/law enforcement; critical access hospital; facility with custodial/supportive care; federal health care facility; hospital-based Medicare approved swing bed; hospice-medical facility; psychiatric hospital; short-term hospital