Characteristics | Participants | Non- participants | Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | N | % | N | % | p-value* | |
Overall (row-%) | 4971 | 82.62 | 1037 | 17.38 | 6008 | 100.00 | |
Sex | |||||||
Female | 2701 | 54.35 | 475 | 45.81 | 3176 | 52.86 | < 0.0001 |
Age groups | |||||||
50–60 | 1916 | 38.54 | 483 | 46.58 | 2399 | 39.93 | |
61–70 | 1890 | 38.02 | 357 | 34.43 | 2247 | 37.40 | |
71–80 | 1165 | 23.44 | 197 | 19.00 | 1362 | 22.67 | < 0.0001 |
Educationa | |||||||
Basic school | 919 | 18.49 | 192 | 18.51 | 1111 | 18.49 | |
High school | 2195 | 44.16 | 436 | 42.04 | 2631 | 43.79 | |
Vocational education | 276 | 5.55 | 37 | 3.57 | 313 | 5.21 | |
Medium education | 1114 | 22.41 | 239 | 23.05 | 1353 | 22.52 | |
High education | 467 | 9.39 | 133 | 12.83 | 600 | 9.99 | 0.001 |
Average income per year (Euro) | |||||||
< 20,000 | 294 | 5.91 | 90 | 8.68 | 384 | 6.39 | |
20,000 – 33,333 | 1508 | 30.34 | 353 | 34.04 | 1861 | 30.98 | |
33,334 – 46,666 | 1505 | 30.28 | 295 | 28.45 | 1800 | 29.96 | |
46,667 – 66,666 | 1158 | 23.30 | 209 | 20.15 | 1367 | 22.75 | |
> 66,666 | 506 | 10.18 | 90 | 8.68 | 596 | 9.92 | < 0.0001 |
Body mass index | |||||||
< 25 | 2062 | 41.48 | 405 | 39.05 | 2467 | 41.06 | |
25–30 (overweight) | 1933 | 38.89 | 373 | 35.97 | 2306 | 38.38 | |
> 30 (obese) | 892 | 17.94 | 232 | 22.37 | 1124 | 18.71 | 0.001 |
Unknownb | 84 | 1.69 | 27 | 2.60 | 111 | 1.85 | |
Self-assessed health | |||||||
Good health | 4265 | 85.80 | 859 | 82.84 | 5124 | 85.29 | 0.014 |
Health literacy score | |||||||
Sufficient (< 8) | 4106 | 83.15 | 839 | 81.46 | 4945 | 82.86 | 0.19 |
Willingness to take health risks | |||||||
Low | 3772 | 75.99 | 719 | 69.33 | 4491 | 74.84 | |
Moderate | 820 | 16.52 | 207 | 19.96 | 1027 | 17.11 | |
High | 372 | 7.49 | 111 | 10.70 | 483 | 8.05 | < 0.0001 |
Smoking status | |||||||
Never smoked | 2986 | 60.06 | 528 | 50.92 | 3514 | 58.49 | |
Quit smoking | 1342 | 27.00 | 277 | 26.71 | 1619 | 26.95 | |
Smoker | 643 | 12.94 | 232 | 22.37 | 875 | 14.56 | < 0.0001 |
Self-assessed nutrition | |||||||
Healthy and very healthy | 2910 | 58.54 | 537 | 51.78 | 3447 | 57.37 | < 0.0001 |
Physical activity | |||||||
5 times a week and more | 718 | 14.44 | 140 | 13.50 | 858 | 14.28 | 0.43 |
Alcohol consumption | |||||||
None | 1109 | 22.31 | 298 | 28.74 | 1407 | 23.42 | |
1 to 14 units per week | 2462 | 49.53 | 442 | 42.62 | 2905 | 48.34 | |
> 14 units per week | 1400 | 28.16 | 297 | 28.64 | 1697 | 28.25 | < 0.0001 |