Table 2 Appropriate rate by baseline characteristic on different policy intervention
|  | Regionalization Policy Intervention, n = 816,861 | Categorization Policy Intervention, n = 789,743 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-policy period (n = 475,991) | Regionalization period (n = 340,870) |  | Regionalization period (n = 340,870) | Categorization period (n = 448,873) |  | |
No of Appropriate ED Visit (%) | No of Appropriate ED Visit (%) | P Value | No of Appropriate ED Visit (%) | No of Appropriate ED Visit (%) | P Value | |
Total | 305,116 (64.1) | 233,970 (68.6) | < 0.001 | 233,970 (68.6) | 307,261 (68.5) | 0.17 |
Sex | ||||||
 Female | 153,088 (63.6) | 117,849 (67.9) | < 0.001 | 117,849 (67.9) | 154,642 (67.7) | 0.38 |
 Male | 152,028 (64.6) | 116,121 (69.5) | < 0.001 | 116,121 (69.5) | 152,619 (69.2) | 0.28 |
Age | ||||||
  < 18 | 43,598 (37.5) | 21,956 (37.8) | 0.29 | 21,956 (37.8) | 23,658 (36.4) | < 0.001 |
 18–64 | 165,836 (66.0) | 129,437 (68.2) | < 0.001 | 129,437 (68.2) | 174,718 (66.9) | < 0.001 |
  ≥ 65 | 95,682 (88.2) | 82,577 (88.9) | 0.006 | 82,577 (88.9) | 108,885 (88.9) | 1.00 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||||
 CCI ≤ 1 | 211,153 (56.8) | 153,181 (60.9) | < 0.001 | 153,181 (60.9) | 198,990 (60.6) | 0.027 |
 CCI > 1 | 93,963 (90.2) | 80,789 (90.5) | 0.21 | 80,789 (90.5) | 108,271 (90.0) | 0.078 |
Place of residence | ||||||
 Urban | 72,188 (60.4) | 55,220 (64.1) | < 0.001 | 55,220 (64.1) | 72,620 (63.7) | 0.13 |
 Suburban | 92,955 (63.1) | 71,748 (67.9) | < 0.001 | 71,748 (67.9) | 93,557 (67.5) | 0.058 |
 Rural | 136,783 (67.4) | 104,686 (72.1) | < 0.001 | 104,686 (72.1) | 138,021 (72.3) | 0.25 |
 Missing | 3190 (51.7) | 2316 (59.6) | < 0.001 | 2316 (59.6) | 3063 (58.3) | 0.32 |
Place of ED resources | ||||||
 Sufficient area | 245,981 (63.7) | 189,216 (68.1) | < 0.001 | 189,216 (68.1) | 246,829 (67.8) | 0.021 |
 Insufficient area | 59,135 (65.7) | 44,754 (70.8) | < 0.001 | 44,754 (70.8) | 60,432 (71.3) | 0.12 |
Day of visit | ||||||
 Weekday | 207,817 (67.9) | 159,223 (72.4) | < 0.001 | 159,223 (72.4) | 210,381 (72.1) | 0.042 |
 Weekend | 97,299 (57.3) | 74,747 (61.9) | < 0.001 | 74,747 (61.9) | 96,880 (61.7) | 0.61 |
Income level | ||||||
 Quintile 1 (Lowest) | 105,959 (65.0) | 20,879 (60.3) | < 0.001 | 20,879 (60.3) | 27,629 (60.4) | 0.79 |
 Quintile 2 | 29,545 (67.2) | 77,534 (73.7) | < 0.001 | 77,534 (73.7) | 98,340 (73.4) | 0.13 |
 Quintile 3 | 85,307 (68.4) | 62,461 (73.0) | < 0.001 | 62,461 (73.0) | 25,495 (67.5) | < 0.001 |
 Quintile 4 | 27,359 (59.0) | 26,183 (64.4) | < 0.001 | 26,183 (64.4) | 89,831 (71.1) | < 0.001 |
 Quintile 5 (Highest) | 55,478 (58.3) | 44,571 (63.0) | < 0.001 | 44,571 (63.0) | 62,849 (63.6) | 0.060 |
 Missing | 1468 (55.0) | 2342 (56.3) | 0.36 | 2342 (56.3) | 3117 (50.5) | < 0.001 |
Occupation | ||||||
 Dependents of the insured individuals | 113,133 (55.0) | 78,377 (61.2) | < 0.001 | 78,377 (61.2) | 97,312 (62.0) | 0.001 |
 Civil servants, teachers, military personnel, and veterans | 17,384 (78.0) | 19,879 (80.8) | < 0.001 | 19,879 (80.8) | 25,137 (79.7) | 0.012 |
 Nonmanual workers and professionals | 49,789 (59.8) | 37,726 (62.8) | < 0.001 | 37,726 (62.8) | 53,941 (61.6) | < 0.001 |
 Manual workers | 88,197 (77.0) | 72,606 (78.1) | < 0.001 | 72,606 (78.1) | 97,322 (77.2) | < 0.001 |
 Other | 35,280 (73.9) | 23,154 (74.5) | 0.22 | 23,154 (74.5) | 30,531 (75.0) | 0.20 |
 Missing | 1333 (53.7) | 2228 (55.3) | 0.24 | 2228 (55.3) | 3018 (49.8) | < 0.001 |