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Table 3 Unstratified Odds Ratios of Individual-Level Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors

From: Evidence that collaborative action between local health departments and nonprofit hospitals helps foster healthy behaviors in communities: a multilevel study

 

Eating Vegetables

Eating Fruit

General Exercise

Vigorous Exercise

Healthy Weight

Healthy Lifestyle Index

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Odds Ratio

95% CI

Primary Predictors of Interest

 Collaborative action

1.29*

1.06, 1.57

1.16

0.99, 1.35

1.17

1.00, 1.38

1.17*

1.05, 1.30

1.06

0.93, 1.21

1.12*

1.05, 1.19

 Social capital index

1.10

0.94, 1.29

1.11

0.92, 1.33

0.91

0.73, 1.13

1.05

0.92, 1.19

0.95

0.78, 1.17

1.07*

1.01, 1.14

Individual-level Covariates

 Male

0.64*

0.57, 0.72

0.71*

0.58, 0.87

1.15

0.99, 1.33

1.02

0.92, 1.14

0.44*

0.35, 0.57

0.96

0.88, 1.06

 Married

1.35*

1.09, 1.66

1.27*

1.09, 1.48

1.18

0.97, 1.45

1.31*

1.07, 1.62

0.80*

0.71, 0.90

1.12*

1.03, 1.21

 College

1.16

0.94, 1.42

1.16*

1.08, 1.25

1.14

0.90, 1.44

1.16*

1.01, 1.34

1.15

0.92, 1.43

1.11*

1.05, 1.18

 Black

0.59*

0.42, 0.82

1.17

0.92, 1.49

0.69

0.47, 1.00

0.97

0.81, 1.18

0.52*

0.35, 0.78

0.87

0.74, 1.01

 Hispanic

1.13

0.80, 1.60

1.25*

1.07, 1.44

0.76*

0.63, 0.92

0.91

0.74, 1.13

0.59*

0.52, 0.68

0.86*

0.79, 0.94

 Asian

0.99

0.72, 1.36

1.28

0.86, 1.90

0.71

0.49, 1.04

0.92

0.68, 1.25

1.68*

1.37, 2.07

0.82*

0.75, 0.89

 Other Race

1.07

0.57, 2.01

1.02

0.66, 1.59

1.03

0.51, 2.06

1.08

0.48, 2.45

0.95

0.43, 2.08

1.01

0.81, 1.26

 Age

1.03

0.98, 1.08

1.07*

1.04, 1.11

0.85*

0.82, 0.89

0.81*

0.79, 0.83

0.81*

0.77, 0.85

0.99

0.96, 1.01

 Insured

1.05

0.78, 1.41

1.08

0.93, 1.26

1.46*

1.03, 2.06

1.28*

1.04, 1.57

1.02

0.81, 1.30

1.11*

1.03, 1.21

 Income <$15 k

0.54*

0.34, 0.87

0.70*

0.56, 0.88

0.49*

0.37, 0.64

0.73*

0.55, 0.96

0.92

0.70, 1.22

0.93

0.80, 1.09

 Income $15 k–75 k

0.79*

0.64, 0.99

0.91

0.77, 1.08

0.72*

0.62, 0.84

0.86*

0.75, 0.98

0.98

0.83, 1.17

0.97

0.90, 1.03

Community-level Covariates

 Median household income

1.06*

1.02, 1.10

1.06

0.98, 1.14

1.02

0.96, 1.08

1.05*

1.01. 1.09

1.02

0.95, 1.10

1.00

0.98, 1.02

 Percent Black

0.89*

0.82, 0.97

0.88*

0.78, 1.00

0.94

0.82, 1.08

1.01

0.93, 1.11

0.99

0.89, 1.10

0.99

0.96, 1.03

 Above Average FTEs

0.97

0.79, 1.18

1.18

0.91, 1.52

0.99

0.75, 1.31

0.91

0.77, 1.07

1.08

0.85, 1.38

1.01

0.91, 1.11

 Local Board of Health

0.82*

0.70, 0.95

0.912

0.75, 1.14

0.99

0.82, 1.19

0.97

0.85, 1.10

1.04

0.84, 1.27

0.96

0.89, 1.03

State-level Covariates

 Expanded Medicaid

0.74*

0.65, 0.85

1.10

0.94, 1.29

0.92

0.77, 1.10

0.82*

0.73, 0.93

0.96

0.85, 1.08

0.95

0.90, 1.01

p-value for interaction

0.23

0.46

0.03

0.40

0.14

0.13

  1. *P < 0.05. The social capital index was dichotomized into communities with an index above the median (1 = yes) and below the median in our sample (0 = no). Individual-level covariates included being male, being married, graduating college, being Black, Asian, Hispanic, or Other race, having income in the specified range (<$15,000/year, 15,000 to 75,000/year), and having health insurance. The reference category for education was having less than a college degree and the reference for income was greater than $75,000 per year. The remaining dichotomous predictors were coded as 1 = yes; 0 = no. The number of FTEs at the LHD was =1 if the LHD had more than the average FTEs in the Profile 2013 survey (mean = 65). Community-level covariates included continuous measures of the population: percent black (Area Resource File, 2016; rescaled to a one-standard deviation change) and median household income (2014; rescaled to a $10,000 unit change). A second model with an interaction term between collaborative action and social capital was also analyzed. The p-value for interaction is provided.
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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