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Table 2 The effects (point estimate [95% confidence interval]) of eight major factor variables on episode expenditures varied across the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th quantile of the expenditure distribution. Effects are measured in thousands of dollars

From: Identifying and understanding determinants of high healthcare costs for breast cancer: a quantile regression machine learning approach

 

10th quantile

25th quantile

50th quantile

75th quantile

90th quantile

(Intercept)

−4.5 (−14.4, − 1.6)

−3.3 (−6.6, − 1.4)

−3.2 (−7.7, 2.4)

3.1 (−3.6, 14.0)

8.7 (−7.1, 15.9)

Chemotherapy drugs (ref = Part D) (n = 2110)

 Part B (n = 828)

9.5 (8.1, 10.9)

16.3 (14.0, 18.6)

25.0 (23.0, 27.1)

40.6 (37.7, 43.5)

47.8 (43.9, 51.7)

Chemotherapy clean period (days, ref = 62–730) (n = 1235)

  > 730 (n = 657)

0.1 (− 0.2, 0.2)

0.3 (0.1, 0.5)

0.6 (0.2, 0.9)

1.5 (0.5, 2.4)

3.7 (1.6, 5.5)

 1–61 (n = 1046)

0.1 (0.0, 0.3)

0.5 (0.3, 0.7)

0.8 (0.4, 1.3)

1.7 (0.9, 2.7)

6.2 (3.3, 9.6)

Radiation (ref = No) (n = 2681)

 Yes (n = 257)

3.8 (2.5, 4.9)

6.4 (4.5, 7.3)

7.2 (5.8, 8.8)

7.1 (5.2, 10.3)

9.2 (5.2, 13.6)

Insurance (ref = No PartDa) (n = 127)

 PartD LISb (n = 130)

2.4 (− 0.8, 4.9)

2.7 (− 0.2, 5.8)

4.3 (1.7, 9.3)

3.1 (− 0.5, 10.4)

0.7 (−3.4, 13.1)

 PartD NoLISc (n = 1794)

2.7 (− 0.6, 5.7)

2.9 (− 0.2, 6.0)

3.6 (0.3, 8.3)

0.8 (− 2.5, 9.3)

− 0.8 (−4.1, 5.3)

 Full duald (n = 887)

3.2 (0.1, 6.1)

3.9 (0.9, 7.0)

5.2 (2.0, 10.1)

4.3 (0.8, 12.9)

2.8 (−0.1, 10.3)

Comorbidities (ref = 0) (n = 828)

 1 (n = 727)

0.2 (0.1, 0.3)

0.3 (0.1, 0.5)

0.5 (0.3, 0.8)

0.8 (0.1, 1.6)

0.5 (−1.2, 2.1)

 2 (n = 469)

0.6 (0.3, 0.9)

1.0 (0.7, 1.3)

1.3 (1.0, 1.7)

1.8 (1.1, 3.0)

1.5 (0.3, 3.1)

 3 (n = 288)

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

1.3 (0.8, 1.6)

1.5 (1.0, 2.2)

3.2 (1.1, 4.6)

3.3 (1.3, 7.5)

  ≥ 4 (n = 271)

1.4 (0.9, 1.8)

1.7 (1.2, 2.3)

3.1 (2.2, 4.8)

4.2 (2.5, 5.7)

6.2 (4.3, 7.8)

 New enrollee (n = 355)

0.0 (−0.4, 0.3)

0.4 (−0.1, 0.8)

0.4 (0.1, 0.9)

−0.2 (−1.1, 0.8)

1.2 (− 1.0, 4.6)

HRR relative cost (in 30)

0.1 (0.0, 0.2)

0.4 (0.1, 0.7)

0.8 (0.4, 1.2)

1.2 (0.8, 1.6)

1.8 (1.0, 2.7)

Age (10 years)

−0.1 (− 0.2, 0.0)

−0.2 (− 0.3, 0.1)

−0.7 (−1.1, − 0.3)

− 1.2 (− 1.7, − 0.8)

− 1.8 (− 2.2, − 1.2)

Surgery (ref = No) (n = 2818)

 Yes (n = 120)

5.2 (3.7, 6.5)

5.6 (4.7, 6.4)

6.7 (5.1, 7.9)

6.8 (4.7, 10.3)

8.6 (5.0, 13.8)

  1. Note: aNo PartD means no part D enrollment for prescription drug coverage; bPartD LIS means does not have full Medicaid benefits but does have Part D with low income subsidy; cPartD NoLIS means has Part D enrollment but no low income subsidy; dFull dual means full Medicaid benefits (including Part D and LIS)