Table 1 Study Population Characteristics Among National Health Insurance Holders and Those Who Shifted From National Health Insurance to Medical Aid Who Were Matched Using the Propensity Score Before and After the Shift For All Years
Medical Aid Type I Panel | Medical Aid Type II Panel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NHI→Medical Aid Type I | Consecutive NHI | P-value after Matchinga | NHI→Medical Aid Type II | Consecutive NHI | P-value after Matchinga | |||
Before Matching | After Matching | Before Matching | After Matching | |||||
No. of subjects | 888 | 17,629 | 2664 | 221 | 17,629 | 663 | ||
Subjects’ characteristics | ||||||||
Sex, women, % | 61.0 | 53.9 | 60.8 | .94 | 62.5 | 53.9 | 60.3 | .57 |
Residential area, in capital, % | 32.0 | 37.6 | 31.5 | .79 | 25.9 | 37.6 | 24.5 | .68 |
Married, % | 46.2 | 60.1 | 47.1 | .64 | 32.4 | 60.1 | 36.1 | .32 |
Economic activity, % | 25.0 | 48.9 | 24.6 | .81 | 40.7 | 48.9 | 40.9 | .97 |
Age, % | ||||||||
< 20 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 2.1 | .94 | 9.3 | 4.4 | 8.2 | .53 |
< 40 | 7.4 | 37.1 | 7.5 | 13.0 | 37.1 | 17.1 | ||
< 65 | 19.3 | 36.9 | 18.9 | 41.2 | 36.9 | 39.2 | ||
65 ≤ | 70.9 | 31.7 | 71.5 | 36.6 | 31.7 | 35.5 | ||
Equivalized disposable household incomeb, % | ||||||||
Quintile 1 (0–20%) | 73.2 | 18.4 | 73.6 | .78 | 65.3 | 18.4 | 67.9 | .50 |
Quintile 2 (21–40%) | 16.7 | 15.6 | 16.0 | 30.1 | 15.6 | 25.3 | ||
Quintile 3 (41–60%) | 6.0 | 15.5 | 5.6 | 3.2 | 15.5 | 4.9 | ||
Quintile 4 (61–80%) | 2.3 | 20.3 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 20.3 | 1.5 | ||
Quintile 5 (81–100%) | 1.8 | 30.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 30.2 | 0.3 | ||
Subjective health status, % | ||||||||
Good | 30.9 | 60.0 | 30.5 | .96 | 54.6 | 60.0 | 56.0 | .94 |
Moderate | 23.9 | 17.9 | 23.8 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 19.4 | ||
Bad | 45.2 | 22.1 | 45.7 | 25.5 | 22.1 | 24.5 | ||
No. of private insurances, mean (SD) | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.8 (1.8) | 0.1 (0.5) | .23 | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.8 (1.8) | 0.3 (0.7) | .29 |
Expenditure on private insurance, $/year, mean (SD)c | 253.3 (1065.0) | 1520.1 (2234.1) | 208.2 (844.0) | .25 | 429.5 (867.7) | 1520.1 (2234.1) | 490.3 (1042.8) | .40 |
Year, % | ||||||||
2010 | 12.8 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 1.00 | 13.9 | 12.2 | 15.0 | .96 |
2011 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 16.2 | 12.5 | 18.5 | ||
2012 | 17.7 | 15.8 | 17.5 | 21.3 | 15.8 | 19.9 | ||
2013 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 19.0 | 15.6 | 17.3 | ||
2014 | 15.8 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.1 | 15.7 | ||
2015 | 13.7 | 14.8 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 14.8 | 8.6 | ||
2016 | 12.1 | 14.1 | 12.2 | 4.2 | 14.1 | 4.9 | ||